气象条件对昌乐暖棚西瓜产量的影响研究

Impact of Meteorological Conditions on Watermelon Yield in Solar Greenhouses in Changle

摘要: 本研究针对昌乐县气象局开展的12期暖棚西瓜观测试验数据，运用相关性分析方法，剖析了产量与各发育期气象要素的关联程度，填补了昌乐暖棚西瓜产量与气象条件关系领域的研究空白。结果显示，气温对昌乐暖棚西瓜产量的影响最为显著，其中成熟期的平均气温在各发育期气象要素与产量的关联度中表现最为紧密。研究确定了利于昌乐暖棚西瓜生长和产量提升的各发育期气温适宜指标，分别为：缓苗期19℃~20℃、伸蔓期与花期20℃~24℃、坐瓜期24℃~27℃、膨瓜期25℃~28℃、成熟期28℃~30℃。同时，明确了各发育期10 cm地温、日照时数、空气相对湿度等适宜指标，并归纳总结出气象要素调控技术。

Abstract: Based on the 12-term observation data of solar greenhouse watermelon experiments conducted by the Changle County Meteorological Bureau, this study employed correlation analysis methods to explore the relationship between yield and meteorological factors at various growth stages. It fills the research gap in the field of the relationship between the yield of warm greenhouse watermelons in Changle and meteorological conditions. The results indicated that temperature had the most significant impact on the yield of solar greenhouse watermelons in Changle County, with the average temperature during the maturation stage showing the closest correlation among all growth stage meteorological factors and yield. The study determined the suitable temperature indicators for each growth stage that are conducive to the growth and yield increase of solar greenhouse watermelons in Changle County, which are: 19˚C~20˚C during the seedling recovery stage, 20˚C~24˚C during the vine extension and flowering stages, 24˚C~27˚C during the fruit setting stage, 25˚C~28˚C during the fruit expansion stage, and 28˚C~30˚C during the maturation stage. Additionally, the study identified suitable indicators for 10 cm soil temperature, sunshine duration, and air relative humidity at each growth stage, and summarized the meteorological factor regulation techniques to enhance yield.