关系管理理论视角下实习生面试自夸言语行为的语用分析

A Pragmatic Analysis of Interns’ Self-Praise in Interviews from the Perspective of Rapport Management Theory

摘要: 面试中，面试者需要自我夸赞向面试官展现自我优势，从而获得工作机会。然而，面试者的自夸言语行为往往与传统的礼貌原则背道而驰，容易给面试官留下负面印象，不利于建立和谐的面试关系。如何在自我夸赞的同时与面试官形成和谐的人际关系，成为值得研究的问题。尽管自夸现象已经引起语言学者们的研究兴趣，但对该行为语用策略在特定动态语境中的应用研究尚未得到充分关注。本文以《令人心动的Offer》为语料来源，基于不加修饰的显性自夸策略、加以修饰的显性自夸策略、隐性自夸策略三类语用策略与关系管理理论，以期探索实习生面试时采取自夸言语行为的语用策略以及背后的影响因素。研究发现，实习生面试以加以修饰的显性自夸为主要策略，不加修饰的显性自夸次之，隐性自夸使用最少；三种策略的使用会受到面子管理、社会权利与义务管理以及交往目的管理方面的影响。

Abstract: In an interview, the interviewee needs self-praise to show his or her advantages to the interviewer, so as to get a job opportunity. However, interviewee’s self-praise often runs counter to the traditional principle of politeness, and it is easy to leave a negative impression on the interviewer, which is not conducive to the establishment of a harmonious interview relationship. How to form a harmonious interpersonal relationship with the interviewer while praising oneself has become a problem worth studying. Although the phenomenon of self-praise has aroused the research interest of linguists, the research on the application of this pragmatic strategy in specific dynamic contexts has not yet received sufficient attention. This paper takes “The Exciting Offer” as a corpus source, and based on three types of pragmatic strategies, namely, explicit self-praise without modification, modified explicit self-praise, and implicit self-praise, and rapport management theory, it aims to explore the pragmatic strategies of the interns who adopt self-praise during the interviews, as well as the influencing factors behind them. The study finds that modified explicit self-praise is the main strategy, followed by explicit self-praise without modification, and implicit self-praise was the least used in interns’ interviews, and that the use of the three strategies is influenced by the management of face, the management of sociality rights and obligations, and the management of the interactional goals.