数字经济时代电子商务监管体系构建研究

Research on the Construction of E-Commerce Regulatory System in the Era of Digital Economy

摘要: 在数字经济时代，电子商务已成为推动全球经济增长的重要引擎，深刻影响着市场结构、商业模式及消费者行为。然而，伴随行业规模的持续扩张，电子商务市场监管面临新的挑战，亟需优化监管体系以适应新兴业态的发展需求。本文基于对现行电子商务监管体系的系统性分析，探讨了其在法律滞后、监管碎片化、消费者权益保护机制不完善以及社会共治体系缺失等方面的主要问题，并提出了相应的优化路径：一是健全电子商务法律法规体系，针对社交电商、直播电商、跨境电商等新型业态制定细化监管规则；二是构建政府监管与平台治理协同机制，提升政府监管与平台治理的协同效能；三是健全消费者权益保护体系，优化在线争议解决机制，健全商品质量监管，加强个人信息安全保障；四是构建社会共治模式，强化行业自律、公众监督与第三方治理，构建多主体协同监管体系。通过制度创新、技术赋能和多元共治模式的结合，可有效提升电子商务监管的科学性、精准性和可持续性，为行业的高质量发展提供制度保障。本文的研究不仅丰富了电子商务监管体系的理论框架，也为我国乃至全球数字经济治理体系的优化提供了重要参考。

Abstract: In the era of digital economy, e-commerce has become an important engine for global economic growth, which profoundly affects the market structure, business model and consumer behavior. However, along with the continuous expansion of the industry scale, e-commerce market supervision faces new challenges, and there is an urgent need to optimize the regulatory system to meet the development needs of the emerging industry. Based on the systematic analysis of the current e-commerce regulatory system, this paper discusses the main problems in the legal lag, regulatory fragmentation, imperfect consumer rights protection mechanism, and the lack of social co-management system, and puts forward the corresponding optimization paths: firstly, to improve the e-commerce laws and regulations, and to formulate detailed regulatory rules for the social e-commerce, live broadcasting, cross-border e-commerce, and other new types of business; secondly, to build a synergistic mechanism between government supervision and platform governance, and improve the synergistic effectiveness of government supervision and platform governance; the third is to improve the consumer rights and interests protection system, optimize the online dispute resolution mechanism, improve the supervision of commodity quality, and strengthen the protection of personal information security; and the fourth is to build a model of social co-governance, strengthen the industry’s self-regulation, public supervision and third-party governance, and build a multi-body collaborative supervision system. Through the combination of institutional innovation, technological empowerment and multiple co-governance modes, the science, precision and sustainability of e-commerce regulation can be effectively enhanced, providing institutional guarantee for the high-quality development of the industry. The research in this paper not only enriches the theoretical framework of e-commerce regulatory system, but also provides an important reference for the optimization of the governance system of China and even the global digital economy.