论肖像权人单方解除权的正当理由——与一般法定解除事由的比较分析

On the Legitimate Reasons for the Unilateral Termination of the Portrait Right Holder—A Comparative Analysis with Common Legal Causes of Rescission

摘要: 学界对我国《民法典》第563条第1款与第1022条第2款之间的关系存在争议。争议产生的原因可归结为第1022条第2款中“正当理由”概念的不确定性。文章运用利益探究的法学方法，首先对肖像权人单方解除权中肖像权人的精神利益与被许可人的财产利益之间的冲突以及精神利益优先于财产利益的价值位阶规整方法和合同一般法定解除权中意思自治利益与诚实信用利益之间的冲突以及社会效益最大化的规整方法进行了分析。而后进行了二者的利益比较分析，指出二者在冲突类型及规制方法上的不同。文章对包含说进行了批判，对交叉说予以支持，以合同一般法定解除权事由与肖像权人单方解除权中的正当理由应当是存在交叉的关系为结论。

Abstract: The relationship between Article 563 (1) and Article 1022 (2) of the “Civil Code” is controversial. The reason for the dispute can be attributed to the uncertainty of the concept of “just cause” in Article 1022 (2). Using the legal method of interest inquiry, firstly, this paper analyzes the conflict between the spiritual interests of the portrait right owner and the property interests of the licensee in the unilateral dissolution right of the portrait right owner, the value rank regulation method in which spiritual interests take precedence over property interests, the conflict between the interest of autonomy and the interest of honesty and credit in the general legal dissolution right of contract, and the regulation method of maximizing social benefits. Then, it makes a comparative analysis of their interests and points out their differences in conflict types and regulation methods. This paper criticizes the theory of inclusion, supports the theory of crossover, and concludes that there should be a cross relationship between the legitimate reasons for the general legal termination right of contract and the unilateral termination right of the portrait right holder.