妇科门诊患者阴道微生态特征与人乳头瘤病毒感染的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis between Vaginal Microecological Characteristics and Human Papillomavirus Infection in Gynecological Outpatients

摘要: 目的：探讨妇科门诊患者阴道微生态特征及其与人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的相关性。方法：本次研究选取2024年5月至2024年11月于包头医学院第一附属医院妇科门诊就诊同时行阴道微生态及HPV检查的患者528例，根据其检验结果进行分析。结果：1) 528例患者中，阴道菌群正常者37.9% (200/528)，阴道菌群失调者29.3% (155/528)，阴道炎32.7% (173/528)，以需氧性阴道炎(AV)和外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(VVC)为主(分别占阴道炎患者的51.0%和24.5%)，混合性阴道炎以需氧性阴道炎和合并细菌性阴道病(BV)多见，占阴道炎患者的17.34%。2) 单纯性AV患者与阴道微生态正常患者HPV感染率有显著差异(χ² = 23.401, P < 0.001)，单纯性VVC患者与阴道微生态正常患者HPV感染率有显著差异(χ² = 7.889, P = 0.005)。3) 在阴道微生态指标中，AV评分异常与HPV感染增加相关(χ² = 156.819, P < 0.001)。结论：阴道微生态异常与HPV感染有关，阴道微生态特征分析为进一步管理HPV感染患者提供了理论依据。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the relationship between vaginal microecology and human papillomAVirus (HPV) infection in gynecological outpatients. Methods: From May 2024 to November 2024, 528 patients who received vaginal microecology and HPV examination in the gynecological outpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College were selected and analyzed according to their test results. Results: 1) Of 528 patients, vaginal flora was normal in 37.9% (200/528), abnormal in 29.3% (155/528), vaginitis in 32.7% (173/528), mainly aerobic vaginitis (AV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) (51.0% and 24.5% of vaginitis patients, respectively). Mixed vaginitis is mainly caused by aerobic vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis (BV), accounting for 17.34% of the patients with vaginitis. 2) There were significant differences in HPV infection rate between patients with simple AV and those with normal vaginal microecology (χ² = 23.401, P < 0.001), and there were significant differences in HPV infection rate between patients with simple VVC and those with normal vaginal microecology (χ² = 7.889, P = 0.005). 3) In the vaginal microecological index, the abnormal AV score was associated with the increase of HPV infection (χ² = 156.819, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Vaginal microecological abnormalities are related to HPV infection, and the analysis of vaginal microecological characteristics provides a theoretical basis for further management of patients with HPV infection.