高校生情绪智力、社会排斥、经验性回避对问题性社交媒体使用的影响研究：基于纵向追踪实证研究

Effects of Emotional Intelligence, Social Exclusion, and Experiential Avoidance on Problematic Social Media Use among College Students: A Longitudinal Tracking-Based Empirical Study

摘要: 目的：探讨情绪智力、社会排斥、经验性回避与问题性社交媒体使用之间的相互作用。方法：本研究采用方便取样的方法，于2023年6月~12月选取成都、上海四地的4所公立高校共307名高校生进行连续三阶段为期6个月的追踪研究(三个时间点分别为T1、T2、T3)。采用《情绪智力量表》《大学生社会排斥问卷》《接纳与行动问卷》《青少年问题性移动社交媒体使用评估问卷》进行调查。结果：相关分析显示，情绪智力与社会排斥、经验性回避、问题性社交媒体使用呈显著负相关。社会排斥、经验性回避以及问题性社交媒体使用两两之间呈显著正相关(p < 0.01)。交叉滞后分析显示，T1社会排斥能显著正向预测T2经验性回避和T2问题性社交媒体使用；T1问题性社交媒体使用能显著负向预测T2情绪智力。T2情绪智力能显著负向预测T3问题性社交媒体使用；T2社会排斥能显著正向预测T3经验性回避；T2问题性社交媒体使用能显著负向预测T3情绪智力和显著正向预测T3社会排斥。结论：情绪智力和问题性社交媒体使用存在双向预测作用；社会排斥和问题性社交媒体使用存在双向预测作用；社会排斥对经验性回避有显著正向预测作用。

Abstract: Objective: Exploring the interplay between emotional intelligence, social exclusion, experiential avoidance, and problematic social media use (PSMU). Methods: This study used a convenience sampling method. From June to December 2023, 307 college students from four public universities in Chengdu and Shanghai were selected for a follow-up study in three consecutive phases of six months (the three time points were T1, T2, and T3, respectively). The Wong & Law’s Emotional Intelligence Scale-C (WLEIS-C), the Social Exclusion Questionnaire for Undergraduates (SEQU), the Admission and Action Questionnaire Second Edition (AAQ-II), and the Problematic Mobile Social Media Usage Assessment Questionnaire for Adolescents (PSMU-Q) were used to conduct the survey. Results: Correlation analyses revealed that emotional intelligence was negatively correlated with social exclusion, experiential avoidance, and PSMU. Social exclusion was positively correlated with experiential avoidance and PSMU. Experiential avoidance was positively correlated with PSMU (p < 0.01). Cross-lagged modeling analyses revealed that social exclusion in T1 positively predicted experiential avoidance in T2 and PSMU in T2; PSMU in T1 negatively predicted emotional intelligence in T2. Emotional intelligence in T2 negatively predicted PSMU in T3; social exclusion in T2 positively predicted experiential avoidance in T3; PSMU in T2 negatively predicted emotional intelligence in T3 and positively predicted social exclusion in T3. Conclusion: There was a bidirectional predictive effect of emotional intelligence and PSMU; a bidirectional predictive effect of social exclusion and PSMU; and a significant positive predictive effect of social exclusion on experiential avoidance.