中文简版高敏感者量表的信效度检验

Psychometric Evaluation of the Chinese Short Version of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale

摘要: 对中文简版高敏感者量表(12-item Highly Sensitive Person scale, HSP-12)进行信效度检验。线上招募867名成年人填写中文简版高敏感者量表，中文版高敏感者量表、行为抑制/激活系统量表中行为抑制系统分量表、中国大五人格问卷简式版中神经质、开放性和外向性分量表、抑郁–焦虑–压力自评量表。八周之后，从中随机抽取初测的60位被试进行重测。中文简版高敏感者量表各项目区分度良好，探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析结果均支持两因素结构(积极敏感，消极敏感)，量表总分与神经质、行为抑制系统、抑郁、焦虑和压力呈中等程度显著正相关，积极敏感维度与开放性呈中等程度显著正相关，与抑郁、焦虑和压力无关，消极敏感维度与抑郁、焦虑、压力和神经质中等程度显著正相关，与开放性无关。量表的Cronbach’s α、分半信度、八周重测信度分别为0.818、0.856、0.637。综上所述，中文简版高敏感者量表具有良好的信效度，可以作为测量中国成人感觉加工敏感性的有效工具。

Abstract: To assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese 12-item Highly Sensitive Person scale, an online survey was conducted with 867 adults. Participants completed the HSP-12, the Chinese version of the Highly Sensitive Person scale, the Behavioral Inhibition System subscale from the Behavioral Inhibition/Activation Systems scale, the Neuroticism, Openness, and Extraversion subscales from the brief Chinese Big Five Personality Questionnaire, and the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Self-Rating Scale. Eight weeks later, 60 participants were randomly selected from the initial sample for retesting. The HSP-12 items exhibited robust discriminative power, and both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a two-factor structure—delineated as positive sensitivity and negative sensitivity. The overall HSP-12 score was moderately and significantly positively correlated with neuroticism, the Behavioral Inhibition System, depression, anxiety, and stress. In contrast, the positive sensitivity dimension was moderately and significantly positively correlated with openness, while showing no significant associations with depression, anxiety, or stress; conversely, the negative sensitivity dimension was moderately and significantly positively correlated with depression, anxiety, stress, and neuroticism, yet uncorrelated with openness. The scale’s Cronbach’s α, split-half reliability, and eight-week test-retest reliability were 0.818, 0.856, and 0.637, respectively. In sum, the HSP-12 demonstrates robust psychometric properties, thereby serving as an effective instrument for measuring sensory processing sensitivity in Chinese adults.