降钙素原与白蛋白比值对新生儿细菌性肺炎应用价值的分析

Analysis of the Application Value of Procalcitonin to Albumin Ratio in Neonatal Bacterial Pneumonia

摘要: 目的：探讨降钙素原与白蛋白比值(Procalcitonin to Albumin Ratio, PAR)对新生儿细菌性肺炎(Neonatal Bacterial Pneumonia, NBP)应用价值的分析。方法：收集2022年6月至2023年6月安徽医科大学第四附属医院新生儿病房收治的细菌感染新生儿104例作为研究组，另外选择同期收治的单纯高胆红素血症新生儿非感染性疾病的新生儿103例作为对照组。收集两组患者的基线资料，包括患儿性别、出生体重、出生时间。并收集患者在入院24小时内的PCT及ALB等血液指标水平，并计算PCT/ALB比值。通过对两组新生儿一般资料进行分析，再通过血清PCT、ALB、PAR水平进行统计学分析，并采用ROC曲线分析比较降钙素原/白蛋白比值对新生儿细菌性肺炎的诊断价值的预测。结果：感染组患儿血清PCT、ALB以及PAR水平较非感染组明显升高(P < 0.05)。结果分析显示PCT、ALB诊断新生儿早期细菌性肺炎的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.657、0.882，而PAR的曲线下面积最大(AUC = 0.902, P < 0.001)，其灵敏度和特异度分别为71.2%和98.1%。结论：PAR对于早期诊断新生儿细菌性肺炎具有较高的临床价值，可及时采取合理的治疗措施以改善预后。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the value of the Procalcitonin to Albumin Ratio (PAR) in the diagnosis of Neonatal Bacterial Pneumonia (NBP). Methods: A total of 104 neonates with bacterial infections, admitted to the neonatal unit of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between June 2022 and June 2023, were enrolled as the study group. Additionally, 103 neonates with non-infectious diseases, specifically neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, admitted during the same period were selected as the control group. Baseline data of the two groups, including gender, birth weight, and birth time, were collected. Serum levels of PCT and ALB were measured within 24 hours of admission, and the PAR was calculated. General data of the neonates were analyzed, and statistical analysis was performed on serum PCT, ALB, and PAR levels. ROC curve analysis was used to compare the diagnostic value of PAR in neonatal bacterial pneumonia. Results: The levels of serum PCT, ALB, and PAR in the infected group were significantly higher than those in the non-infected group (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for PCT and ALB in diagnosing early neonatal bacterial pneumonia were 0.657 and 0.882, respectively. The AUC for PAR was the highest (AUC = 0.902, P < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 71.2% and specificity of 98.1%. Conclusion: PAR has high clinical value in the early diagnosis of neonatal bacterial pneumonia, which can facilitate timely implementation of appropriate treatment measures to improve prognosis.