基于湖北省营商环境评估的惠企政策公平感影响因素研究

Study on the Factors Influencing Perceptions of Fairness in Enterprise-Benefiting Policies Based on Business Environment Assessments in Hubei Province

摘要: 在公平原则的指导下，通过不断完善惠企政策保障企业营商环境是现代政府的重要职能，而有效提升地方企业对惠企政策的公平感，则是从企业主观层面改善营商环境的重要内容。本文基于湖北省企业环境评价问卷调查数据进行数据分析，以地方企业对本地区公平竞争环境总体感受和政策落实满意度作为惠企政策公平感的基准，从机会公平、程序公平、结果公平三个层面，对目前湖北省16个市州惠企政策公平感受进行多元回归和中介效应分析发现：湖北省不同维度惠企政策公平对政策公平感存在显著的正向影响，减负支持政策的公平作为结果公平还对市场准入机会公平和法律服务程序公平的影响起到中介作用。因此本文为提升政策公平感提出建议，首先优先推进市场准入公平，其次重点关注涉企案件审理公正，最后逐步优化政府购买服务透明机制，以便切实提升企业政策公平感。

Abstract: Under the principle of fairness, modern governments play a crucial role in continuously refining pro-business policies to ensure an optimal business environment for enterprises. Enhancing local enterprises’ perception of fairness regarding these policies is vital for improving the business environment from the enterprises’ subjective perspective. Based on data from a questionnaire survey evaluating the business environment in Hubei Province, this paper uses the overall perception of a fair competitive environment and satisfaction with policy implementation as indicators of the sense of fairness towards pro-business policies. Through multiple regression and mediation effect analysis of the perception of fairness across 16 cities and prefectures in Hubei Province, focusing on opportunity fairness, procedural fairness, and outcome fairness, it is found that the fairness of pro-business policies in different dimensions significantly positively impacts the sense of policy fairness. Specifically, the fairness of policies aimed at reducing burdens and providing support, categorized as outcome fairness, also mediates the impact of market access opportunities and legal service procedures on the overall sense of fairness. Therefore, this paper proposes recommendations to enhance the sense of policy fairness: first, prioritize ensuring fair market access; second, emphasize the fairness in handling cases involving enterprises; and finally, gradually optimize the transparency mechanism of government procurement services to effectively enhance enterprises’ sense of policy fairness.