青藏高原东南缘地区高山湖泊沉积硅藻对气候变暖和大气氮沉降的响应

Response of Sedimentary Diatoms from Alpine Lakes in the Southeastern Margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau to Climate Warming and Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition

摘要: 青藏高原东南缘地区的高山湖泊因其独特的地理位置和生态环境，对全球变化极为敏感。本研究通过综合分析该地区高山湖泊沉积硅藻对气候变暖和大气氮沉降的响应，探讨了硅藻群落如何在气候变暖和氮沉降的双重压力下发生变化，并揭示了其生态适应机制。研究表明，气候变暖和大气氮沉降显著影响了高山湖泊的硅藻群落，主要表现为耐寒底栖硅藻的减少和耐温浮游硅藻的增加，以及富营养指示种的扩张。这些变化不仅反映了湖泊生态系统对环境变化的适应机制，也为理解区域环境变化的历史模式和未来趋势提供了科学依据。未来研究应加强长期监测网络建设、采用跨学科方法、开展区域对比与全球关联研究，以深化对高山湖泊生态系统响应机制的理解，并为生态保护提供科学依据。

Abstract: Alpine lakes in the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau are extremely sensitive to global changes due to their unique geographical location and ecological environment. In this study, by comprehensively analyzing the response of diatoms deposited in alpine lakes in this region to climate warming and atmospheric nitrogen deposition, we explored how diatom communities changed under the dual pressure of climate warming and nitrogen deposition, and revealed their ecological adaptation mechanisms. The study showed that climate warming and atmospheric nitrogen deposition significantly affected the diatom communities in alpine lakes, which were mainly manifested by the decrease of cold-tolerant benthic diatoms and the increase of temperature-tolerant planktonic diatoms, as well as the expansion of eutrophic indicator species. These changes not only reflect the adaptation mechanism of lake ecosystems to environmental changes, but also provide a scientific basis for understanding the historical patterns and future trends of regional environmental changes. Future research should strengthen the long-term monitoring network, adopt interdisciplinary approaches, and conduct regional comparative and global correlation studies to deepen the understanding of the response mechanisms of alpine lake ecosystems and provide a scientific basis for ecological conservation.