呼和浩特市地表温度变化及热岛效应分析
Analysis of Surface Temperature Change and Heat Island Effect in Hohhot City
DOI: 10.12677/gser.2025.142032, PDF,   
作者: 苏 叶：内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院，内蒙古 呼和浩特
关键词: 地表温度；热岛效应；冷热岛分布；呼和浩特市；Surface Temperature； Heat Island Effect； Hot and Cold Island Distribution； Hohhot City
摘要: 在全球气候变化与快速城市化背景下，寒旱区城市热岛效应因其生态脆弱性成为关键科学问题。本文基于2001~2022年MODIS遥感数据，结合GIS技术，系统分析了呼和浩特市地表温度的时空格局演变及冷热岛的时空分布特征。研究发现：(1) 时间上，冬季地表温度呈现矛盾趋势，最高值波动上升，最低值持续下降，反映冬季极端低温频发与基础温度升高的矛盾性；夏季则表现为高温低温同步上升的趋势；季节性差异显著扩大的现象。(2) 空间上，热岛范围从老城区单核结构演变为“主城 + 金川 + 盛乐”多核格局，沿交通轴线扩散并与城市建成区扩张高度相似；冷岛依附于自然基底，降温范围局限且呈现碎片化。研究进一步分析地表温度的时间格局变化，揭示寒旱区冷热岛时空分布特征，未来需融合高分辨率遥感与多源数据，深化研究冷热岛效应的影响机制与热岛对生态系统服务的长期影响评估，为全球同类型城市可持续发展提供科学范式。
Abstract: In the context of global climate change and rapid urbanization, the urban heat island effect in cold and arid regions has become a key scientific issue due to its ecological vulnerability. In this paper, based on MODIS remote sensing data from 2001 to 2022, combined with GIS technology, we systematically analyzed the evolution of spatial and temporal patterns of surface temperature and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of hot and cold islands in Hohhot City. It is found that: (1) temporally, the surface temperature in winter shows a contradictory trend, with the maximum value fluctuating up and the minimum value continuously decreasing, reflecting the contradictory nature of the frequent occurrence of extremely low temperatures and the increase of base temperature in winter; in summer, it shows a synchronized trend of the increase of high temperature and low temperature; and the phenomenon of significant expansion of the seasonal difference. (2) Spatially, the range of heat islands has evolved from a single-core structure in the old city to a multi-core pattern of “main city + Jinchuan + Shengle”, which spreads along the transportation axis and is highly similar to the expansion of the built-up area of the city; and the cold islands are dependent on the natural substrate, with a limited range of cooling and fragmentation. The study further analyzes the temporal pattern of surface temperature changes and reveals the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of hot and cold islands in the cold and arid regions. In the future, it is necessary to integrate high-resolution remote sensing and multi-source data to deepen the study of the influence mechanism of the hot and cold island effect and the long-term impact assessment of hot islands on ecosystem services, in order to provide a scientific paradigm for the sustainable development of the same kind of cities in the world.
文章引用：苏叶. 呼和浩特市地表温度变化及热岛效应分析[J]. 地理科学研究, 2025, 14(2): 309-315. https://doi.org/10.12677/gser.2025.142032

参考文献

[1] Pedgley, D.E. (2003) Luke Howard and His Clouds. Weather, 58, 51-55. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[2] Blench, B.J.R. (1963) Luke Howard and His Contribution to Meteorology. Weather, 18, 83-92. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[3] Oke, T.R. (1987) Boundary Layer Climates. Routledge.
[4] Lo, C.P., Quattrochi, D.A. and Luvall, J.C. (1997) Application of High-Resolution Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing and GIS to Assess the Urban Heat Island Effect. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 18, 287-304. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[5] Voogt, J.A. and Oke, T.R. (2003) Thermal Remote Sensing of Urban Climates. Remote Sensing of Environment, 86, 370-384. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[6] Camuffo, D. (2002) History of the Long Series of Daily Air Temperature in Padova (1725-1998). Climatic Change, 53, 7-75. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[7] Grimmond, C.S.B. and Oke, T.R. (2002) Turbulent Heat Fluxes in Urban Areas: Observations and a Local-Scale Urban Meteorological Parameterization Scheme (Lumps). Journal of Applied Meteorology, 41, 792-810. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[8] Kusaka, H., Kondo, H., Kikegawa, Y. and Kimura, F. (2001) A Simple Single-Layer Urban Canopy Model for Atmospheric Models: Comparison with Multi-Layer and Slab Models. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 101, 329-358. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[9] Saitoh, T.S., Shimada, T. and Hoshi, H. (1996) Modeling and Simulation of the Tokyo Urban Heat Island. Atmospheric Environment, 30, 3431-3442. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[10] Wang, J., Lu, L., Zhou, X., Huang, G. and Chen, Z. (2025) Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Drivers of the Urban Heat Island Effect in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of Northern China. Remote Sensing, 17, Article 1339. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[11] Oerlemans, J. (1986) Linear Theory of the Urban Heat Island Circulation. Atmospheric Environment (1967), 20, 447-453. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[12] Morris, J.G. (1998) Urban Heat Island and Its Influence on Tree Growth. Arboricultural Journal, 22, 1-18.
[13] 唐仕瑞, 吴利. 基于CNKI的城市热岛效应研究的统计分析[J]. 地理空间信息, 2024, 22(12): 55-59.
[14] 张熙涛, 周德成. 典型生态城市1990~2020年地表热环境的时空演变及其预测[J/OL]. 环境科学: 1-17. 2025-03-14.[CrossRef] 
[15] 杨务发. 基于热岛效应的城市复合生态廊道构建研究[D]: [博士学位论文]. 福州: 福建农林大学, 2021.
[16] Arnfield, A.J. (2003) Two Decades of Urban Climate Research: A Review of Turbulence, Exchanges of Energy and Water, and the Urban Heat Island. International Journal of Climatology, 23, 1-26. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[17] 颜萍. 基于遥感数据的成都市土地利用类别与热岛效应关联性研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2022.
[18] 王阳, 孙然好. 区域气候背景对城市热岛效应的影响规律[J]. 生态学报, 2021, 41(11): 4288-4299.
[19] Li, X., Zhou, W. and Ouyang, Z. (2013) The Effects of Urbanization on the Thermal Environment: A Case Study of Suzhou, China. Sustainable Cities and Society, 6, 67-74.
[20] Santamouris, M. (2014) Cooling the Cities—A Review of Reflective and Green Roof Mitigation Technologies to Fight Heat Island and Improve Comfort in Urban Environments. Solar Energy, 103, 682-703. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[21] 金燕, 晏红明, 何雨芩, 等. 昆明城市降雨特性变化及城市热岛效应的可能影响[J]. 地理科学, 2024, 44(11): 2039-2050.
[22] Li, D. and Bou-Zeid, E. (2013) Synergistic Interactions between Urban Heat Islands and Heat Waves: The Impact in Cities Is Larger than the Sum of Its Parts. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 52, 2051-2064. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[23] Qin, Z.H., Dall’Olmo, G., Karnieli, A. and Berliner, P. (2001) Derivation of Split Window Algorithm and Its Sensitivity Analysis for Retrieving Land Surface Temperature from NOAA-Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer Data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 106, 22655-22670.
[24] 曾庆泳, 陈忠暖. 基于GIS空间分析法的广东省经济发展区域差异[J]. 经济地理, 2007(4): 558-561+574.

为你推荐