基于预康复理念的护理模式在胫腓骨骨折患者术后康复指导中的应用

The Application of the Nursing Model Based on the Concept of Pre-Rehabilitation in the Postoperative Rehabilitation Guidance of Patients with Tibiofibular Fractures

摘要: 目的：观察基于预康复理念的护理模式在胫腓骨骨折患者术后康复指导中的应用效果。方法：选取解放军第九六四医院2023年1月~2024年12月收治的70例胫腓骨骨折患者为对象，依照区组随机化分组法分为对照组(n = 35)和预康复组(n = 35)。对照组实施常规护理模式干预，预康复组实施基于预康复理念的护理模式干预。比较两组术后康复情况，观察干预前、干预7 d、14 d、1个月后两组症状护理效果(胫腓骨骨折主要症状护理效果评价量化表)，对比干预前后两组患者下肢功能[下肢功能量表(LEFS)]及生活质量[生活质量量表(QLQ-C30)]。结果：预康复组下床活动时间、住院时间、骨折愈合时间均低于对照组(P < 0.05)，两组并发症发生率比较无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。干预14 d、1个月后，预康复组胫腓骨骨折主要症状护理效果评分均低于对照组(P < 0.05)。干预后，两组LEFS量表、QLQ-C30量表评分较干预前均有升高(P < 0.05)，且预康复组高于对照组(P < 0.05)。结论：基于预康复理念的护理模式可提高胫腓骨骨折患者术后康复效果，尽早改善胫腓骨骨折主要症状，同时还能有利于患者下肢功能及生活质量的恢复，具有较高的临床应用价值。

Abstract: Objective: The purpose is to observe the application effect of the nursing model based on the concept of pre-rehabilitation in the postoperative rehabilitation guidance of patients with tibiofibular fractures. Methods: A total of 70 patients with tibiofibular fractures admitted to the 964th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected as the subjects and divided into the control group (n = 35) and the pre-rehabilitation group (n = 35) according to the block randomization grouping method. The control group received the intervention of the conventional nursing model, while the pre-rehabilitation group received the intervention of the nursing model based on the concept of pre-rehabilitation. The postoperative rehabilitation conditions of the two groups were compared. The symptom nursing effects of the two groups before the intervention, 7 days after the intervention, 14 days after the intervention, and 1 month after the intervention (quantitative evaluation table of nursing effects of Main Symptoms of tibiofibular fractures) were observed. The lower extremity function [Lower Extremity Function Scale (LEFS)] and quality of life [Quality of Life Scale (QLQ-C30)] of the two groups before and after the intervention were compared. The results showed that the time to get out of bed, the length of hospital stay and the fracture healing time in the pre-rehabilitation group were all lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no statistically significant comparison in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). After 14 days and 1 month of intervention, the nursing effect scores of the main symptoms of tibiofibular fractures in the pre-rehabilitation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the scores of the LEFS scale and the QLQ-C30 scale in both groups increased compared with those before the intervention (P < 0.05), and the pre-rehabilitation group was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The nursing model based on the concept of pre-rehabilitation can improve the postoperative rehabilitation effect of patients with tibiofibular fractures, alleviate the main symptoms of tibiofibular fractures as early as possible, and is also conducive to the recovery of lower extremity function and quality of life of patients. It has high clinical application value.