粪便钙卫蛋白及NLR对溃疡性结肠炎的研究进展

Research Progress of Fecal Calprotectin and NLR in Ulcerative Colitis

摘要: 溃疡性结肠炎(UC)是一种慢性炎性肠病，其主要症状包括黏液脓血便和腹泻。该病具有持久性和难以根治的特点，表现为一种以缓解期和复发期交替为特点的慢性非特异性肠道炎症。在临床管理中，诱导及维持黏膜愈合构成了核心治疗目的，这需要对UC的活动状态进行反复且细致的评估。目前，业界普遍认同的诊断UC的金标准是结肠镜检查与病理组织活检的综合应用。但该方法具有创伤性且患者的依从性较差。针对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)长期活动性监测的需求，探索一种便捷、高效且具备良好特异性和敏感性的评估手段至关重要。近年来，有关研究显示，中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)以及粪便钙卫蛋白与UC活动性存在相关性。因此，本文将对NLR和粪便钙卫蛋白在评估UC活动性方面的临床研究进展进行综合论述。

Abstract: Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, primarily manifests with mucopurulent bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain. This disease is characterized by its chronicity and relapsing-remitting nature, representing a chronic non-specific intestinal inflammation that alternates between periods of remission and relapse. Induction and maintenance of mucosal healing are central to the therapeutic goals in the clinical management of UC, which requires meticulous and repeated assessment of disease activity. The current gold standard for diagnosing UC is the combined application of colonoscopy and pathological tissue biopsy. However, this method is invasive and has poor patient compliance. Given the need for long-term monitoring of UC activity, it is imperative to explore a convenient, efficient, and highly specific and sensitive assessment modality. Recent studies have shown correlations between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and fecal calprotectin with UC activity. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the clinical research progress regarding the use of NLR and fecal calprotectin in assessing UC activity.