肺癌患者照顾者家庭护理准备度的研究进展

Research Progress on Family Nursing Readiness of Caregivers of Lung Cancer Patients

摘要: 肺癌患者在治疗过程中常伴随显著的不适与功能障碍，需长期依赖家庭照顾者提供支持。照顾者的护理准备度直接影响患者的生活质量和照护效果。本文通过回顾近年国内外相关研究，系统梳理了肺癌患者家庭照顾者护理准备度的概念、评估工具、影响因素及干预措施。研究发现，照顾者的准备度涉及身体、心理、知识和技能等多个维度，常用评估工具包括CPS量表、中文版家庭护理准备量表等。其影响因素涵盖患者病情、照顾者自身特征、家庭经济状况及社会支持水平。多项干预研究表明，心理支持、教育培训及远程医疗等措施可有效提升照顾者准备度，减轻其照护负担。综上所述，提升照顾者护理准备度对优化肺癌患者家庭照护质量至关重要。未来应加强特异性评估工具的开发，完善个性化干预策略，为患者及家庭提供更有效的支持。

Abstract: Patients with lung cancer are often accompanied by significant discomfort and dysfunction in the treatment process, and they need to rely on family caregivers for long-term support. The nursing readiness of caregivers directly affects the quality of life and the nursing effect on patients. By reviewing the relevant research at home and abroad in recent years, this paper systematically sorts out the concept, evaluation tools, influencing factors and intervention measures of nursing readiness of family caregivers of lung cancer patients. It is found that the carers’ readiness involves many dimensions, such as body, psychology, knowledge and skills, and commonly used evaluation tools include the CPS scale and the Chinese version of the home care readiness scale. The influencing factors include patients’ condition, caregivers’ own characteristics, family economic status and social support level. A number of intervention studies show that psychological support, education and training, telemedicine and other measures can effectively improve the preparedness of caregivers and reduce their care burden. To sum up, it is very important to improve the nursing readiness of caregivers to optimize the quality of home care for lung cancer patients. In the future, we should strengthen the development of specific assessment tools and improve individualized intervention strategies to provide more effective support for patients and families.