山慈菇在中晚期肺癌的药理作用及作用机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Pharmacological Effects and Mechanisms of Tricholoma lobayense in Mid-to-Late Stage Lung Cancer

摘要: 山慈菇(Tricholoma lobayense)作为一种传统中药材，近年来在肺癌(lung cancer)治疗中的药理作用备受关注。研究表明，山慈菇中富含多种生物活性成分，如三萜类、酚酸类及多糖等，其对肿瘤细胞的抑制效应与其化学成分的复杂相互作用密切相关。山慈菇通过多种机制发挥抗肿瘤活性，主要包括抑制肺癌细胞的增殖、诱导凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞的转移与侵袭能力。山慈菇还可以通过调节肿瘤微环境和增强宿主免疫反应，促进局部免疫细胞的活化，从而达到增强抗肿瘤免疫作用的效果。这一系列作用可能通过约束血管生成、调节细胞代谢及改善肿瘤微环境的功能实现。尽管山慈菇的潜在不良反应尚需进一步研究与确证，但其在中晚期肺癌治疗中展现出的多重药理效应为今后药物开发和临床应用提供了新的方向。本综述对山慈菇的药理作用及其在抗肺癌方面的作用机制进行了系统归纳，以期为后续研究提供理论基础与实践指导。

Abstract: Tricholoma lobayense, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has garnered significant attention in recent years for its pharmacological effects in the treatment of lung cancer. Studies indicate that Tricholoma lobayense is rich in bioactive compounds, including triterpenoids, phenolic acids, and polysaccharides, and its antitumor effects are closely linked to the complex interactions among these chemical components. Tricholoma lobayense exerts its anticancer activity through multiple mechanisms, primarily involving the inhibition of lung cancer cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and suppression of tumor metastasis and invasiveness. Additionally, Tricholoma lobayense enhances antitumor immunity by modulating the tumor microenvironment and boosting host immune responses, thereby promoting the activation of local immune cells. These effects may be achieved through mechanisms such as inhibiting angiogenesis, regulating cellular metabolism, and improving tumor microenvironment functionality. Although further research is required to validate its potential adverse effects, the multifaceted pharmacological properties of Tricholoma lobayense in treating mid-to-late stage lung cancer offer promising directions for future drug development and clinical applications. This review systematically summarizes the pharmacological roles and mechanisms of Tricholoma lobayense in combating lung cancer, aiming to provide theoretical foundations and practical guidance for subsequent research.