不同种植模式对烤烟生长发育及烟叶产量的影响

Effects of Different Planting Patterns on the Growth and Development of Flue-Cured Tobacco and Leaf Yield

摘要: 烤烟作为一种重要的经济作物，在长期连续种植模式下，作物会产量降低。本研究旨在探究不同种植模式对烟草生长及产量的影响，为优化烟草种植模式提供科学依据。设置了烤烟连作、烟–麦2/11带状复合种植和烟麦轮作3种种植模式，比较了烤烟农艺性状、光合特性参数、叶绿素含量、干物质积累与产量的差异。结果表明，无论是团棵期还是成熟期，烟麦轮作和烟麦带状种植均可以提高烟株的叶长、叶宽、株高、茎围、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度、叶绿素含量、干物质积累量及烟叶产量。烟麦轮作与烟麦带状种植烟叶产量分别为175 Kg/亩、168 Kg/亩，与烤烟连作相比，分别增加了14.38%、9.80%。表明烟麦轮作和烟麦带状种植有助于烟草生长，为烟草种植提供了参考。

Abstract: Flue-cured tobacco, as an important economic crop, experiences a decline in yield under long-term continuous cultivation. This study aims to explore the effects of different planting patterns on the growth and yield of flue-cured tobacco, providing a scientific basis for optimizing tobacco planting patterns. Three planting patterns were set up: continuous flue-cured tobacco cultivation, flue-cured tobacco-wheat 2/11 strip intercropping, and flue-cured tobacco-wheat rotation. The differences in agronomic traits, photosynthetic characteristic parameters, chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation, and yield of flue-cured tobacco were compared. The results showed that both at the rosette stage and the mature stage, flue-cured tobacco-wheat rotation and flue-cured tobacco-wheat strip intercropping could increase the leaf length, leaf width, plant height, stem girth, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation, and yield of flue-cured tobacco. The yields of flue-cured tobacco in flue-cured tobacco-wheat rotation and flue-cured tobacco-wheat strip intercropping were 175 kg/mu and 168 kg/mu, respectively, which were 14.38% and 9.80% higher than those in continuous flue-cured tobacco cultivation. This indicates that flue-cured tobacco-wheat rotation and flue-cured tobacco-wheat strip intercropping are beneficial to the growth of flue-cured tobacco and provide a reference for tobacco planting.