农村老龄化驱动下农村康养产业集群化发展的路径选择与空间布局

Rural Health and Elderly Care Industry Cluster Development under the Drive of Aging Population: Path Selection and Spatial Layout

摘要: 在中国老龄化进程加速、城乡差异深化的背景下，农村养老面临严峻挑战。截至2024年，中国农村60岁以上人口占比超26.8%，较城市高4.3个百分点。本研究通过实证数据与案例分析，探讨农村康养产业集群的空间–产业协同机制，提出“产业–空间–主体”三维整合框架，倡导以县域为集群单元、村社为载体、“康养+”产业融合为路径的发展模式。核心策略包括优化空间布局、推动多元主体协同、制度化政策支持。研究表明，农村康养产业集群既能缓解老龄化压力，又能驱动乡村经济振兴，为中国老龄化治理与农村现代化提供实践参考。

Abstract: With China’s aging population accelerating and urban-rural disparities deepening, rural areas face severe challenges in elderly care. By 2024, the proportion of people aged 60 and above in rural China exceeds 26.8%, higher than urban areas by 4.3 percentage points. This study analyzes the spatial-industrial synergies of rural health and elderly care clusters through empirical data and case studies. A three-dimensional framework of “industry-space-subject” integration is proposed, advocating county-level cluster units, village-based carriers, and “health care+” industrial integration. Key strategies include optimizing spatial layouts, promoting multi-subject collaboration, and institutionalizing policy support. The research suggests that rural health and elderly care clusters can not only alleviate aging pressures but also drive rural economic revitalization, offering a practical reference for China’s aging governance and rural modernization.