大同市门诊人群幽门螺杆菌感染情况调查

Survey on Helicobacter pylori Infection in Outpatients in Datong City

摘要: 目的：旨在分析大同市门诊患者中的幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori, H. pylori)感染的流行情况，从而为目前的Hp感染的防治措施提供科学依据。方法：2023年12月至2024年6月期间就诊于大同市第三人民医院门诊并行¹³C尿素呼气试验的2976例患者，统计其检测结果，并分析检测结果与患者性别、年龄、初查还是复查及有无消化道症状的关系。结果：共筛选出2976名就诊患者，其中检测出H. pylori阳性者为861例，阳性率为28.9%；男性1188例，阳性率29.9%，女性1788例，阳性率28.2%，男性与女性阳性率差异无统计学意义(P = 0.351)。无消化道症状1368例，阳性率30.7%，有消化道症状1608例，阳性率27.3%，无消化道症状与有消化道症状患者阳性率有统计学意义(P = 0.049)。初查者2344例，阳性率30.1%，复查者632例，阳性率24.1%，初查者与复查者阳性率有统计学意义(P = 0.003)。年龄 ≤ 18岁148例，阳性率15.6%，年龄19~29岁273例，阳性率27.9%，年龄30~49岁954例，阳性率29.6%，年龄50~69岁1424例，阳性率29.8%，年龄 ≥ 70岁177例，阳性率28.9%，不同年龄段之间的阳性率有统计学意义(P = 0.012)。结论：大同市门诊就诊人群H. pylori感染率低于全国平均水平，且感染分布与年龄、有无消化道症状、初查与复查相关，与性别无关。

Abstract: Objective: The aim is to analyze the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection among outpatient patients in Datong City, in order to provide scientific basis for the current prevention and treatment measures of H. pylori infection. Methods: From December 2023 to June 2024, 2976 patients who visited the outpatient department of the Third People’s Hospital of Datong and underwent ¹³C urea breath tests were included. Their test results were statistically analyzed, and the relationships between the test results and the patients’ gender, age, initial examination or re-examination, and the presence or absence of digestive tract symptoms were analyzed. Results: A total of 2976 visiting patients were screened out. Among them, 861 cases were detected positive for H. pylori, with a positive rate of 28.9%. There were 1188 male cases, with a positive rate of 29.9%, and 1788 female cases, with a positive rate of 28.2%. There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate between males and females (P = 0.351). There were 1368 cases without digestive tract symptoms, with a positive rate of 30.7%, and 1608 cases with digestive tract symptoms, with a positive rate of 27.3%. The positive rates of patients without digestive tract symptoms and those with digestive tract symptoms were statistically significant (P = 0.049). There were 2344 cases in the initial examination, with a positive rate of 30.1%, and 632 cases in the re-examination, with a positive rate of 24.1%. The positive rates of the initial examination and the re-examination were statistically significant (P = 0.003). There were 148 cases aged ≤ 18 years old, with a positive rate of 15.6%; 273 cases aged 19~29 years old, with a positive rate of 27.9%; 954 cases aged 30~49 years old, with a positive rate of 29.6%; 1424 cases aged 50~69 years old, with a positive rate of 29.8%; 177 cases aged ≥ 70 years old, with a positive rate of 28.9%. The positive rate among different age groups was statistically significant (P = 0.012). Conclusion: The infection rate of H. pylori in the outpatient population in Datong was lower than the national average level, and the distribution of infection was related to age, gastrointestinal symptoms, initial examination and reexamination, but not to gender.