中国式摔跤运动研究热点与发展趋势研究

Research on the Hotspots and Development Trends of Chinese Wrestling

摘要: 中国式摔跤作为独具特色的中华民族传统体育运动，在现代体育事业快速发展背景下备受关注，但相较奥运会正式项目，其在群众基础、竞技水平及文化传播等方面仍有明显差距。本研究通过CiteSpace文献可视化软件，对中国知网1995~2025年收录的358篇中国式摔跤研究文献进行计量分析，揭示该领域的研究现状、热点分布与发展趋势。研究发现，近三十年发文量呈现“低位起步–增长迅速–波动上升”的特征，其中1995~2009年受到赛事设项调整和学科建设影响，研究逐渐恢复，2010年发文量达15篇；2010~2015年在政策支持下进入快速增长期，年度峰值突破30篇；2015年后受《中国式摔跤十年发展规划》及全民健身战略推动，一直到2020年研究热度再创历史新高。作者与机构合作网络显示，研究人员以独立工作为主，跨团队协作稀疏(网络密度0.0076)，机构间合作尚处于初级阶段(密度0.0072)，武汉体育学院等专业院校虽为核心力量，但全国性协同机制亟待完善。关键词共现与聚类分析表明，研究热点集中于“发展路径”“文化传统”“奥林匹克”“学科建设”等领域，形成“奥运战略”“文化保护”“院校教育”等10个聚类主题，其中政策导向对研究议题具有显著影响，如“奥运战略”类群呼应国际化目标，“文化保护”类群聚焦非遗传承。前沿主题则围绕“传统武艺”“社会效应”“功率峰值”展开，凸显科学化训练与文化传播的重要性。结论：未来发展将呈现三个方向的趋势，一是多种学科交叉融合，需要引入社会心理学、认知科学拓展理论框架；二是传统文化资源转向数字化保护，建立地域性中国式摔跤技艺数据库并开发文创产品；三是强化“产学研”协同，推动标准化培训体系与政策评估工具的实践应用。当前研究虽在学术合作方面存在短板，但传统体育文化传承、竞技能力提升与产业化发展将成为核心方向，通过跨机构协作与成果转化，中国式摔跤有望在现代化转型中实现可持续发展。

Abstract: Chinese Wrestling as a unique traditional national sport has attracted much attention in the context of the rapid development of modern sports. However, compared with the official Olympic events, it still has obvious gaps in terms of mass base, competitive level and cultural dissemination. This study used CiteSpace literature visualization software to conduct a bibliometric analysis of 358 Chinese Wrestling research papers collected in CNKI from 1995 to 2025 to reveal the current research status, hotspots distribution and development trends in this field. The research findings show that the number of publications in the past 30 years has the characteristics of “low-starting-rapid growth-fluctuating rise”. From 1995 to 2009, affected by the adjustment of competition items and the construction of disciplines, the research gradually recovered, and the number of publications reached 15 in 2010. From 2010 to 2015, it entered a period of rapid growth with the support of policies, and the annual peak exceeded 30. After 2015, driven by the “Ten-year Development Plan for Chinese Wrestling” and the national fitness strategy, the research heat reached a new historical high in 2020. The author and institution cooperation network shows that researchers mainly work independently, and cross-team cooperation is sparse (network density 0.0076). The cooperation between institutions is still in the primary stage (density 0.0072). Although professional colleges such as Wuhan Institute of Sports are the core force, a national collaborative mechanism is urgently needed. The co-occurrence and clustering analysis of keywords show that the research hotspots are concentrated in the fields of “development path”, “cultural tradition”, “Olympics” and “discipline construction”, forming 10 clustering themes such as “Olympic strategy”, “cultural protection” and “university education”. Policy orientation has a significant impact on research issues. For example, the “Olympic strategy” group responds to the internationalization goal, and the “cultural protection” group focuses on the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage. The frontier themes focus on “traditional martial arts”, “social effects” and “peak power”, highlighting the importance of scientific training and cultural dissemination. Conclusion: The future development will show three trends. First, the cross-integration of multiple disciplines is needed, and social psychology and cognitive science should be introduced to expand the theoretical framework. Second, traditional cultural resources will be turned to digital protection, and a regional Chinese wrestling skills database will be established and cultural and creative products will be developed. Third, the collaboration of “industry-university-research” will be strengthened to promote the practical application of standardized training systems and policy evaluation tools. Although the current research has shortcomings in academic cooperation, the inheritance of traditional sports culture, the improvement of competitive ability and industrial development will become the core direction. Through cross-institutional cooperation and the transformation of research results, Chinese Wrestling is expected to achieve sustainable development in the process of modernization.