社会支持对中小学生心理健康的影响：情绪的中介作用

The Influence of Social Support on Mental Health of Primary and Secondary School Students: The Mediating Role of Emotion

摘要: 为探究中小学生社会支持、心理健康、情绪之间的关系，采用中小学生心理健康自评量表(MMHI-60)、社会支持评定量表和情绪自评量表对1290名北京市中小学生进行问卷调查。结果：(1) 社会支持、心理健康和正性情绪在性别和年级上存在显著性差异；(2) 社会支持与正性情绪呈显著正相关(p < 0.01)，与负性情绪和心理健康呈显著负相关(p < 0.01)；心理健康与正性情绪呈显著负相关(p < 0.01)，与负性情绪呈显著正相关(p < 0.01)；正性情绪与负性情绪相关不显著(p > 0.05)。社会支持与正性情绪显著正相关，与负性情绪和心理健康水平呈显著负相关；(3) 负性情绪在社会支持对心理健康水平的影响中起到部分中介作用，但正性情绪不存在中介作用。该结果有助于了解社会支持对中小学生心理健康的影响机制，对促进中小学生心理健康有一定的参考意义。

Abstract: To explore the relationships among social support, mental health, and emotions in primary and middle school students, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 1290 primary and middle school students in Beijing using the Mental Health Self-Rating Scale for Primary and Middle School Students (MMHI-60), Social Support Rating Scale, and Emotion Self-Rating Scale. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in social support, mental health, and positive emotions across genders and grades. (2) Social support was significantly positively correlated with positive emotions (p < 0.01), and significantly negatively correlated with negative emotions and mental health (p < 0.01); mental health was significantly negatively correlated with positive emotions (p < 0.01) and significantly positively correlated with negative emotions (p < 0.01); there was no significant correlation between positive and negative emotions (p > 0.05). Social support was significantly positively associated with positive emotions and significantly negatively associated with negative emotions and mental health. (3) Negative emotions played a partial mediating role in the influence of social support on mental health, while positive emotions showed no mediating effect. These findings help understand the mechanism through which social support affects the mental health of primary and middle school students, providing reference for promoting mental health in primary and secondary education.