AIDET沟通联合关爱护理对老年无痛胃镜检查患者生理应激指标的影响

The Impact of AIDET Communication Combined with Caring Nursing on Physiological Stress Indicators in Elderly Patients Undergoing Uncomfortable Gastroscopy

摘要: 目的：在临床实践中，老年群体接受胃镜检查时常常伴随心理压力增高、生理反应增强。即使是在无痛条件下，焦虑与紧张也未必因此缓解。过度的应激状态会影响机体功能，增加检查风险。为此，本研究尝试将AIDET沟通技巧与关爱护理策略联合运用于护理流程中，期望探索一种更贴近老年人身心特点的干预方式，为后续相关临床操作提供有益的路径选择。方法：研究对象为2024年1月至2025年3月期间入院并拟行无痛胃镜的老年患者69例。通过简单随机化原则进行分组，对照组(34例)和实验组(35例)。两组均接受常规护理操作。实验组则在此基础上引入以信任建立和情感支持为核心的护理沟通干预，护理人员在检查前、中、后均围绕AIDET框架展开沟通，配合关爱护理行为提升人际互动的温度。围绕检查过程，连续记录患者心率、收缩压、舒张压及激素指标变化，评估其生理稳定性与应激水平。结果：实验组患者在检查前后关键生理参数的波动幅度较低，检查过程中未出现剧烈的血压升高或心率失控的个案。皮质醇、去甲肾上腺素等指标虽有变化，但整体幅度控制在相对平稳区间。多数患者主观感受轻松，术后恢复时间缩短。护理满意度问卷反馈中，实验组的正向评价比例占据主导。结论：传统护理方式在面对高龄群体的胃镜操作时，其应对能力存在边界。单纯依靠常规流程，难以满足老年人在心理疏导与安全感建立方面的需求。而通过将AIDET沟通技术与关爱护理融合，在个体沟通、态度传递与行为关照中构建起护理关系的新秩序，不仅降低了检查过程中生理应激的波动，也为医疗照护提供了更具温度和效率的操作思路。

Abstract: Objective: In clinical practice, elderly patients undergoing gastroscopy often experience increased psychological stress and enhanced physiological responses. Even under painless conditions, anxiety and tension may not be alleviated. Excessive stress can affect the body’s functions and increase the risks of the examination. Therefore, this study attempts to combine AIDET communication skills with caring nursing strategies in the nursing process, aiming to explore an intervention method that is more in line with the physical and mental characteristics of the elderly, providing a beneficial path for subsequent related clinical operations. Methods: The research subjects were 69 elderly patients who were admitted to the hospital and scheduled for painless gastroscopy from January 2024 to March 2025. They were randomly divided into a control group (34 cases) and an experimental group (35 cases). Both groups received routine nursing care. The experimental group, on this basis, introduced a nursing communication intervention centered on trust building and emotional support. Nursing staff conducted communication around the AIDET framework before, during, and after the examination, and combined caring nursing behaviors to enhance the warmth of interpersonal interaction. The heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and hormone index changes of the patients were continuously recorded during the examination process to evaluate their physiological stability and stress levels. Results: The fluctuations in key physiological parameters of the experimental group before and after the examination were relatively small, and no cases of significant blood pressure increase or heart rate loss of control occurred during the examination. Although cortisol and norepinephrine levels changed, the overall range was relatively stable. Most patients felt relaxed and had shorter postoperative recovery times. In the nursing satisfaction questionnaire, the proportion of positive evaluations in the experimental group was dominant. Conclusion: Traditional nursing methods have limitations when dealing with gastroscopy in the elderly. Relying solely on routine procedures is insufficient to meet the needs of the elderly in terms of psychological counseling and security establishment. By integrating AIDET communication techniques with caring nursing, a new order of the nursing relationship is established through individual communication, attitude transmission, and behavioral care, which not only reduces the physiological stress fluctuations during the examination but also provides a more compassionate and efficient operational approach for medical care.