孤独症谱系障碍患者焦虑与抑郁状况现状研究
A Review of Studies on Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.1582364, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 邓丽兰：湖南中医药高等专科学校药学院，湖南 株洲；李先贵*：湖南中医药高等专科学校医学院，湖南 株洲
关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍；焦虑；抑郁；共病机制；干预策略；Autism Spectrum Disorder； Anxiety； Depression； Comorbidity Mechanism； Intervention Strategy
摘要: 孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患者常伴随显著的焦虑与抑郁共病，严重影响其社会功能与生活质量。本文系统整合近年研究，从流行病学特征、临床表现、成因机制、评估干预及未来展望五个维度，对ASD患者焦虑与抑郁状况进行综述。数据显示，ASD患者焦虑和抑郁障碍终生患病率显著高于普通人群。其症状表现兼具疾病特异性与维度重叠性，成因涉及神经认知缺陷、脑网络异常及环境压力的交互作用。当前干预以认知行为疗法(CBT)为主，但需结合个体化神经机制与环境支持优化方案。本综述旨在为临床实践提供理论依据，推动该领域向精准干预方向发展。
Abstract: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) frequently experience significant comorbid anxiety and depression, profoundly impacting social functioning and quality of life. This review systematically integrates recent research to examine anxiety and depression in ASD across five dimensions: epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, etiological mechanisms, assessment and intervention, and future directions. Data indicate that the lifetime prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders in ASD significantly exceeds that of the general population. Symptom presentations exhibit both condition-specific features and dimensional overlap. Etiology involves the interplay of neurocognitive deficits, aberrant brain networks, and environmental stressors. Current interventions primarily utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), but require optimization through integration with individualized neural mechanisms and enhanced environmental support. This review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for clinical practice and advance the development of precision interventions in this field.
文章引用：邓丽兰, 李先贵. 孤独症谱系障碍患者焦虑与抑郁状况现状研究[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(8): 1284-1291. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.1582364

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