环境犯罪案件中行刑衔接问题研究

Research on the Coordination between Administrative Enforcement and Criminal Justice in Environmental Crime Cases

摘要: 随着生态法治建设深化，环境犯罪行刑衔接机制协调问题日益凸显。立法层面，各类法律法规持续完善衔接机制，但行政与刑事立法之间仍存在不协调、具体衔接制度存在碎片化的问题；司法层面，移送标准模糊、证据衔接困难与监督机制乏力。对此，刑事立法上应确认“生态法益”并对其进行合理限制，采用“独立附属刑法”立法模式，完善行刑处罚衔接；司法上应明确正反向案件移送标准、通过完善证据衔接制度和构建证据“分类转化”完善证据衔接制度，建立健全检察提前介入制度和加强检察建议刚性，以健全环境行刑衔接中的检察监督。

Abstract: With the deepening development of ecological rule of law, coordination issues within the environmental crime administrative-penal transfer mechanism have become increasingly prominent. At the legislative level, while various laws and regulations continue to refine coordination mechanisms, inconsistencies persist between administrative and criminal legislation, alongside fragmentation in specific linkage institutions. At the judicial level, challenges include ambiguous case transfer standards, evidentiary interface difficulties, and insufficient supervisory mechanisms. To address these, criminal legislation should define “ecological legal interests” with reasonable limitations, adopt an “independent supplementary criminal provisions” model, and enhance administrative-penal sanction articulation. Judicially, clear criteria for forward/reverse case transfers must be established, evidence interface mechanisms strengthened through categorical transfer evidence rules, and prosecutorial oversight in bidirectional administrative-penal coordination refined.