基于摆锤式冲击试验机检定的分析和研究

Analysis and Research Based on Verification of Pendulum Impact Testing Machines

摘要: 为了避免摆锤的初始势能的损失和轴承反力的碰撞冲量对设备寿命的影响，要求摆锤冲击试验机在冲击试样过程中，摆锤转轴处碰撞冲量为零，对其打击点距摆锤转轴的距离需满足条件进行了理论推导和分析。解释了摆锤冲击试验机的打击中心和摆锤重心的关系。最后以打击点距转轴距离为定值，分析由于加工制造或安装造成打击中心和打击点偏离对能量吸收的影响，进而解释了造成直接法检定合格，而间接法检定不合格现象发生的主要原因。研究结果对实际检定冲击试验机有一定的指导意义。

Abstract: In order to avoid the loss of the initial potential energy of the pendulum and the impact of the collision force of the bearing reaction force on the life of the equipment, it is required that the impact impulse of the pendulum impact shaft is zero during the impact test of the pendulum impact testing machines. The distance between the strike point and the pendulum axis must be theoretically derived and analyzed, and the relationship between the strike center of the pendulum impact tester and the center of gravity of the pendulum is explained. Finally, the distance between the striking point and the rotating shaft is set as the fixed value, and the influence of the deviation of the striking center and the striking point on the energy absorption is analyzed due to the manufacturing or installation, which explains the main cause of the direct method verification, and the indirect method fails. The research results have certain guiding significance for the actual verification impact testing machine.