计算流体力学在门静脉系统血流动力学评估中的应用研究进展
Advances in the Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Hemodynamic Assessment in the Portal Venous System
摘要: 门静脉血流动力学改变是肝脏疾病发生发展的核心病理生理环节，传统影像学方法(超声多普勒、CT血管成像、2D PC-MRI)及有创测压(HVPG)在全面量化评估复杂门静脉系统三维血流动力学参数(如壁面剪切应力、压力梯度等)方面存在局限。计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)基于医学影像数据构建三维血管模型，通过求解流体动力学方程，可无创、可视化地模拟和量化分析门静脉系统内血流速度、压力、剪切力等精细动力学参数。本文综述计算流体力学(CFD)结合医学影像技术在门静脉系统血流动力学评估中的应用进展，阐明其临床转化价值，分析当前挑战并展望未来发展方向，为门静脉系统疾病的精准诊疗提供新的流体力学视角。
Abstract: Alterations in portal venous hemodynamics represent a core pathophysiological mechanism underlying the development and progression of hepatic diseases. Conventional imaging modalities (Doppler ultrasound, CT angiography, 2D PC-MRI) and invasive pressure measurements (HVPG) exhibit limitations in comprehensively quantifying complex three-dimensional hemodynamic parameters within the portal venous system, such as wall shear stress and pressure gradients. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), based on medical imaging data, constructs three-dimensional vascular models. By solving fluid dynamics equations, CFD enables the non-invasive, visualizable simulation and quantitative analysis of detailed hemodynamic parameters—including blood flow velocity, pressure, and shear forces—within the portal venous system. This article reviews the application advances of CFD combined with medical imaging technology in assessing portal venous hemodynamics. It elucidates the clinical translational value of this approach, analyzes current challenges, and explores future directions, thereby providing a novel fluid mechanics perspective for the precise diagnosis and treatment of portal venous system diseases.
文章引用：谭力果, 郭大静. 计算流体力学在门静脉系统血流动力学评估中的应用研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(9): 52-59. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.1592456

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