透射式望远镜的装调技术研究

Research on Installation and Adjustment Technology of Transmission Telescope

摘要: 随着高分辨率光学系统的应用领域持续拓展，人们对光学系统的像差要求愈发严格。透射式望远光学系统由于光学元件数量较多、控制过程复杂，且失调量的定位与分析难度较大等诸多因素限制了其发展。文章通过理论分析以及设计实验研究了透射式望远镜光学系统的光束成像质量，分析了横向失调误差对望远镜光学系统的影响，设计装调方案减小结构和镜片与基准轴间的偏差值，实验验证了该装调方案的可行性。研究结果表明，该方案校正后的望远镜光学系统不仅达到了在相同机械加工和光学加工的要求精度情况下降低物镜的光轴相对于基准轴的偏差值的目的，且装调操作简单，实现了降本增效。这一成果对推动透射式望远镜光学系统的商业化应用具有重要的工程实用价值和商业推广意义。

Abstract: With the continuous expansion of the application field of high-resolution optical systems, people have increasingly strict requirements on the aberration of optical systems. The development of the transmission telescope optical system is limited by many factors, such as the large number of optical elements, the complex control process, and the difficulty in locating and analyzing the misalignment. The beam imaging quality of the transmission telescope optical system is studied through theoretical analysis and design experiments. The influence of lateral misalignment error on the telescope optical system is analyzed. The alignment scheme is designed to reduce the deviation between the structure and the lens and the reference axis. The feasibility of the alignment scheme is verified by experiments. The research results show that the telescope optical system corrected by this scheme not only achieves the purpose of reducing the deviation value of the optical axis of the objective lens relative to the reference axis under the condition of the same required accuracy of mechanical and optical processing, but also has the advantages of simple operation, achieving cost reduction and efficiency increase. This achievement has important engineering practical value and commercial significance for promoting the commercial application of the optical system of the transmission telescope.