应用于热泵系统的复合纳米涂层冷凝及抑霜性能研究

Performance Investigation on the Condensation and Frost-Controlling of a Composite Nano Coating in Heat Pump Systems

摘要: 热泵系统是冬季或寒冷地区的主要供热设备之一。结霜会削弱换热器的换热性能，导致热泵的性能下降，与此同时，除霜的能耗占到了热泵系统总能耗的10%以上。现有的抑制结霜的技术效果不佳，新型抑霜技术的研发和应用受到了大量学者的重视。本文研发了一种复合纳米结构的表面涂层，通过在超疏水表面上添加亲水的二氧化硅微纳米级颗粒，控制液滴在表面的大小，加强液滴在表面的自弹跳现象，具有加快冷凝速度、抑制结霜的效果。经实验验证，与铜表面相比，复合纳米涂层冷凝速度提高了约80%；与常见的疏水涂层相比，复合涂层出现结霜现象由4.5分钟延迟到12.3分钟，从结霜出现到覆盖表面80%面积所需要的时长从0.8分钟延迟到3.3分钟。

Abstract: A heat pump system is one of the main heating equipment in winter or cold regions. However, frosting can weaken the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger, leading to a decrease in the performance of the heat pump. At the same time, the energy consumption of defrosting accounts for more than 10% of the total energy consumption of the heat pump system. The existing frost suppression techniques are ineffective, and the development and application of new frost suppression technologies have received a lot of attention. This article develops a composite nano surface coating, which can control the size of droplets on a superhydrophobic surface by adding hydrophilic silica micro nano particles, enhance the self bouncing phenomenon of droplets on the surface. It can accelerate condensation speed and suppress frosting. Through experimental verification, compared with the copper surface, the condensation speed of the composite nano coating has been increased by about 80%. Compared with a common hydrophobic coating, the occurrence of frosting in composite coatings is delayed from 4.5 minutes to 12.3 minutes, and the time required from frosting to covering 80% of the surface area is delayed from 0.8 minutes to 3.3 minutes.