甘肃省近视儿童青少年患者家长对近视的认知和防治态度

Parents’ Cognition and Attitude towards Myopia Prevention and Control among Children and Adolescents in Gansu Province

摘要: 目的：通过问卷调查，分析总结出目前近视科普取得的成果以及待完善的方面，得出目前家长在孩子近视防控方面主要观点，为进一步的科普工作和防控工作提供理论支持。方法：以甘肃省近视儿童青少年家长为研究对象进行线上问卷调查，有效问卷共304份。结果：有相当多家长通过观察到孩子眯眼睛、皱眉头(49.49%)还有学校体检(47.47%)发现孩子近视，但仅有52.02%的家长带孩子做过视力检查以及相关治疗，其中有42.72%的家长是在观察到孩子出现近视症状1年后才带其去医院检查的。有45.98%的家长认为孩子是假性近视，不用去医院检查，平时注意就能恢复，79.31%的家长打算购买网上宣称可以治疗近视的产品给孩子用，而不带孩子去医院检查，愿意带孩子做相关检查的家长更倾向(79.49%)于视力保健中心。在近视青少年儿童患者的家长中，有27.89%的家长认为近视可以恢复、眼轴可以缩短。在全部样本中，一半(46.15%)的家长平时会注意并纠正孩子的用眼习惯，大部分(48.56%)孩子每天户外运动时间不足1小时，每天电子产品使用时间大于2个小时(46.64%)。对于散瞳和阿托品点眼，仅有11.51%的家长持有支持态度。对于近视科普，只有22.12%的家长属于主动型，会积极主动地了解近视防控科普知识，大部分(73.36%)家长愿意了解更多近视防控科普知识，且更希望(51.97%)以短视频的形式来学习。结论：通过近视科普，家长对孩子近视的重视程度有所提高，且更倾向于带孩子去三甲医院采取更好的防控手段，也更愿意配合参与孩子近视防控的工作。但是一部分家长对于孩子的近视认识还不够彻底，存在一定误区，导致不少孩子早期近视被延误，近视度数增长更快。有的家长不能调动孩子真正做到多参加户外运动等好习惯，在今后的近视科普工作中可以针对这些误区，让家长更有效地对孩子的近视早发现、早诊断、早治疗。

Abstract: Purpose: Through questionnaire surveys, the achievements and aspects to be improved in the current myopia science popularization were analyzed and summarized, and the main viewpoints of parents in children’s myopia prevention and control were concluded, so as to provide theoretical support for further science popularization and prevention and control work. Methods: The parents of myopic children and adolescents in Gansu Province were investigated by an online questionnaire survey, and 304 valid questionnaires were collected. Results: Quite a few parents found their children short-sighted by observing their children’s narrow eyes, frowning (49.49%) and school physical examination (47.47%), but only 52.02% of parents took their children for visual examination and related treatment, among them, 42.72% of the parents did not take their children to the hospital for examination until one year after they had observed their children’s symptoms of myopia. 45.98% of the parents think that their children are pseudomyopia, which can be recovered without going to the hospital for check-up, and 79.31% of the parents intend to buy products which can be claimed to cure myopia on the Internet for their children instead of taking their children to the hospital for check-up, parents who are willing to take their children for a check-up are more likely to (79.49%) attend an eye care center. Among the parents of children with myopia, 27.89% of the parents think that myopia can be recovered and the axial length of the eye can be shortened. In all the samples, half (46.15%) of the parents would pay attention to and correct their children’s habit of using their eyes. Most (48.56%) of the children spent less than 1 hour a day exercising outdoors and more than 2 hours a day using electronic products (46.64%). Only 11.51% of parents were supportive of mydriasis and atropine. For myopia popular science, only 22.12% of the parents are active, will actively understand the prevention and control of Myopia Popular Science knowledge, most (73.36%) parents would like to know more prevention and control of Myopia Popular Science Knowledge, and more hope (51.97%) in the form of short video to learn. Conclusion: Through myopia popular science initiatives, parents have increased their awareness of their children’s myopia. They are more inclined to take their children to public hospitals for better myopia prevention and control measures, and also more willing to cooperate and participate in myopia prevention and control efforts. However, some parents of children do not have a thorough understanding of myopia in children and hold certain misconceptions, which leads to delays in addressing their children’s early myopia. Some parents can not mobilize their children to really do more outdoor sports and other good habits, in the future myopic popular science work can be aimed at these misunderstandings, so that parents spend less money on children’s myopia early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment.