咀嚼口香糖治疗全麻术后咽痛的研究进展

Research Advances in Chewing Gum for Treating Postoperative Sore Throat Following General Anesthesia

摘要: 术后咽痛(post operative sore throat, POST)是气管插管或喉罩置入后患者主诉的咽喉部疼痛或异物感，常伴有声嘶、吞咽困难，是仅次于术后恶心呕吐的常见麻醉并发症。全麻术后咽痛发生率高达10%~60%，严重降低患者的麻醉满意度，甚至延长住院时间，POST已成为“舒适化医疗”目标下的重点优化环节。与传统的药物治疗相比，非药物疗法不良反应少，风险较低且易普及。有研究表明，咀嚼口香糖可使POST发生率由41.7%降至28.1%，本文现将国内外有关咀嚼口香糖防治全麻术后咽痛发生的机制及治疗方法作一综述，为提高患者舒适度提供理论依据。

Abstract: Postoperative sore throat is a sore throat or foreign body sensation complained of by patients after endotracheal intubation or laryngeal mask insertion, often accompanied by hoarseness and dysphagia, and is a common anesthetic complication second only to postoperative nausea and vomiting. The incidence of sore throat after general anesthesia is as high as 10%~60%, which seriously reduces the patient’s anesthesia satisfaction and even prolongs the hospital stay. Compared with conventional drug therapy, non-drug therapy has fewer adverse effects, lower risk, and is more widely available. Studies have shown that chewing gum can reduce the incidence of POST from 41.7% to 28.1%, and this paper reviews the mechanism and treatment methods of chewing gum for the prevention and treatment of sore throat after general anesthesia at home and abroad, so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving patient comfort.