载人水下航行器二氧化碳滤芯吸收性能试验研究

Experimental Study of Carbon Dioxide Absorbent for Underwater Manned Vehicles

摘要: 控制载人水下航行器中二氧化碳的浓度的吸收滤芯是保证水下航行器内人员安全的关键设备。随着载人水下航行器的运行时间的不断延长，高效低污染的二氧化碳吸收剂滤芯的技术须满足未来装备不断升级换代的要求。本文在分析了目前二氧化碳吸收剂滤芯技术发展现状的基础上，开展了一种高吸收效率、低流动阻力和低粉尘率的新型二氧化碳吸收剂滤芯的试验研究。这种滤芯通过多种成型工艺，形成多孔颗粒，不仅能够有效地降低密闭舱室二氧化碳和粉尘率，运行时间更长。以载人水下航行器模拟舱室为对象，开展了两种不同颗粒滤芯的吸收性能比较。试验结果表明，新型吸收滤芯在12个多小时内将舱室内二氧化碳浓度全程控制在0.50%以下，实际吸收率为0.753 g/g，高于目前市场上的大部分产品，充分证实了这种新型吸收滤芯性能，为该新型吸收剂的进一步推广应用奠定了坚实的基础。

Abstract: Controlling the carbon dioxide concentration in underwater manned vehicles is a key device to ensure the safety of personnel inside the vehicles. As the operation time of underwater manned vehicles continues to extend longer and longer, the technology of high-efficiency and low-pollution carbon dioxide absorbent must meet the requirements of continuous upgrading and replacement of future equipment. Based on an analysis of the current development status of carbon dioxide absorbent technology, this paper conducts an experimental study on a new type of carbon dioxide absorbent filter cartridge with high absorption efficiency, low flow resistance, and low dust rate. This filter cartridge forms porous particles through multiple molding processes, which can not only effectively reduce the carbon dioxide concentration and dust rate in the closed cabin but also have a longer operation time. Taking the simulated cabin of an underwater vehicle as the research object, a comparison of the absorption performance of two different particle filter cartridges was carried out. The test results show that the new absorbent filter cartridge can control the carbon dioxide concentration in the cabin below 0.50% throughout the 12-hour period, the actual absorption rate is 0.753 g/g, superior to most products currently on the market. This fully verifies the performance of the new absorbent filter cartridge and lays a solid foundation for the further promotion and application of this new type of absorbent.