基于“阳道实，阴道虚”理论探析从督脉论治轻度认知障碍

Investigating the Treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment from the Perspective of the Governing Vessel Based on the Theory of “Yang often in Excess, Yin in Deficiency”

摘要: 轻度认知功能障碍是认知衰退的关键阶段，中医认为其病位在脑髓，病机以“阴道虚”为本，“阳道实”为标，即髓海不足与痰瘀阻窍虚实夹杂。本文从生理基础与发病机制两个角度阐述“阳道实，阴道虚”理论与轻度认知障碍的关联，以补脑髓，化浊毒为治则，强调督脉在脑髓濡养和神机运转中的重要作用，通过针刺督脉经穴，达到调通督脉、固本驱邪、启发神机、填髓益智的功效，为轻度认知功能障碍的治疗提供新的思路。

Abstract: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a critical stage in cognitive decline. Traditional Chinese Medicine posits that its pathological location lies in the brain and marrow, with the disease mechanism rooted in “Yin in deficiency” as the root cause and “Yang in excess” as the secondary manifestation—reflecting an intricate interplay between marrow-sea insufficiency and phlegm-stasis obstructing the orifices. This article elucidates the relationship between the “Yang often in excess, Yin in deficiency” theory and MCI from the perspectives of physiological basis and pathogenesis, proposing the therapeutic principles of replenishing brain-marrow and resolving turbid toxins. It emphasizes the pivotal role of the Governor Vessel in nourishing the brain-marrow and facilitating mental functioning. Through acupuncture stimulation of the Governor Vessel’s acupoints, the treatment aims to regulate the Governor Vessel, reinforce the root and expel pathogens, enhance cognitive function, and replenish marrow to improve intelligence, thereby offering a novel therapeutic approach for mild cognitive impairment.