早产儿经口喂养困难的护理研究进展
Research Progress in Nursing Care of Oral Feeding Difficulties in Premature Infants
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.15102877, PDF,   
作者: 张春菊, 秦 贤*：青岛市市立医院东院区新生儿监护室，山东 青岛；侯 静：青岛市市立医院东院区儿科病房，山东 青岛
关键词: 早产儿；喂养困难；非营养性吸吮；口腔运动干预；口腔免疫疗法；Preterm Infants； Feeding Difficulties； Non-Nutritive Sucking； Oral Motor Intervention； Oral Immunotherapy
摘要: 目的：本文旨在综述早产儿经口喂养的生理特点、喂养困难的原因、以及经口喂养护理干预措施的研究进展，重点总结护理干预措施，为提高护理水平提供科学合理的参考依据。方法：通过文献回顾和分析，系统收集和整理关于早产儿经口喂养的生理特点、喂养困难的常见原因、以及各种护理干预措施的研究资料。特别关注近年来在护理实践中的创新方法和效果评估。结果：综述发现，早产儿经口喂养困难主要与其生理发育不成熟、吸吮吞咽协调能力差、以及胃肠道功能未完全发育有关。有效的护理干预措施包括但不限于：非营养性吸吮、口腔运动干预、口腔免疫疗法、袋鼠式护理、以及吸吮吞咽贯序功能训练。这些措施在临床实践中显示出改善早产儿经口喂养效率和成功率。结论：通过深入理解和应用针对早产儿经口喂养的护理干预措施，可以显著提高早产儿的喂养效果和整体健康水平。本研究为早产儿喂养困难的护理干预提供了科学依据，并强调了持续研究和实践创新的重要性，以进一步优化护理策略和提升护理质量。
Abstract: Objective: This article aims to review the physiological characteristics of oral feeding in preterm infants, the causes of feeding difficulties, and the research progress on nursing interventions for oral feeding. It focuses on summarizing nursing intervention measures to provide a scientific and reasonable reference for improving nursing standards. Methods: Through literature review and analysis, systematic collection and organization of research data on the physiological characteristics of oral feeding in preterm infants, common causes of feeding difficulties, and various nursing intervention measures were conducted. Special attention was given to innovative methods and effectiveness evaluations in nursing practice in recent years. Results: The review found that difficulties in oral feeding among preterm infants are primarily related to their immature physiological development, poor sucking and swallowing coordination, and incomplete gastrointestinal function. Effective nursing intervention measures include, but are not limited to, early oral stimulation, personalized feeding plans, progressive feeding strategies, and family nursing support. These measures have shown improvements in the efficiency and success rate of oral feeding in preterm infants in clinical practice. Conclusion: By deeply understanding and applying nursing intervention measures targeted at oral feeding in preterm infants, the feeding outcomes and overall health levels of preterm infants can be significantly improved. This study provides a scientific basis for nursing interventions addressing feeding difficulties in preterm infants and emphasizes the importance of continuous research and practical innovation to further optimize nursing strategies and enhance nursing quality.
文章引用：张春菊, 侯静, 秦贤. 早产儿经口喂养困难的护理研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(10): 1228-1234. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.15102877

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