基于气机升降理论浅论闭经的病机

Discussion on Pathogenesis of Amenorrhea Based on the Theory of Ascending and Descending of Qi

摘要: 气机升降理论源自《黄帝内经》，其核心观点认为气以升降出入为基本运动形式，维持精血周流、津液输布，并激发脏腑发挥生理功能。女性特有的经、带、孕、产、乳等生理活动，依赖于气血调和、脉络调畅、脏腑和合以及胞宫充养。气机正常运动是实现女性特殊生理功能的基础。闭经作为临床常见疾病，患者多有气机升降失常的表现。结合闭经的临床特征，从气机升降理论出发，可认为气机升降失常导致气失宣通，进而引发脏腑功能失调，是闭经发生的重要机制。若气机运行失和，肝气滞而不疏、肺失宣降；心气郁而不畅、肾失交合；脾气虚而不健、胃失和降，则血行逆乱，或停滞成瘀，或溢于脉外，久之营血虚损，冲任不固，胞脉胞络阻滞，胞宫失养，难以维系月经如期行止，最终导致闭经发生。

Abstract: The theory of the ascending and descending of Qi originates from the Huangdi Neijing. Its core view is that qi takes lifting and falling into and out as the basic form of movement, maintaining the circulation of essence and blood, and dissipating body fluids, and stimulating the internal organs to exert physiological functions. Women have special physiological activities such as menstrual, leaping, pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding. The implementation of these functions depends on the regulation of qi and blood. Women’s special physiological functions depend on normal movement of the qi. Most patients have symptoms of abnormal qi lifting and falling in the amenorrhea disease. Combined with the theory of qi movement and the characteristics of amenorrhea, it can be believed that the abnormal qi moves and leads to the disorder of internal organs is crucial to the occurrence of amenorrhea. When the qi is dysfunctional, the following may appear: the stagnation of liver qi, obstruction of lung qi, depression of heart qi, irregular of kidney qi, weakness of spleen qi, non-decreasing of stomach qi, blood stasis, bleeding, blood deficiency, Chongren dysfunction, vein blockage, uterine fertilization, menstrual cycle disorder, which can result in amenorrhea.