基于“伏邪”理论探讨虫类药在寒地儿童过敏性疾病中的应用

Exploration of the Application of Insect-Derived Herbal Medicines in Allergic Diseases of Children in Cold Regions Based on the Theory of “Latent Pathogenic Factors”

摘要: 随着社会环境的不断改变，罹患过敏性疾病的患儿越来越多，这些过敏性疾病普遍具有反复发作和迁延难愈的特点，此类特点与伏邪致病特征相似。本文从“伏风”“伏痰”“伏湿”三个方面阐述小儿常见过敏性疾病的病机。提出应用合适的虫类药以散伏风、化伏痰、清伏湿的治法，并提出应在应用中药汤剂的基础上，适时使用中药膏方以巩固疗效，改善寒地儿童过敏体质，从根本上减少此类疾病发生，并列举一案例加以说明，为临床治疗小儿常见的过敏性疾病提供新的思路。

Abstract: With the continuous transformation of the social environment, there has been a growing incidence of allergic diseases among children. These conditions are generally characterized by recurrent episodes and a prolonged, refractory course—features that closely resemble the pathogenic patterns of latent pathogenic factors. This paper elucidates the pathogenesis of common allergic diseases in children from three key perspectives: “fufeng”, “fuphlegm”, and “fudampness”. It proposes a therapeutic approach involving the use of appropriate insect-derived herbal medicines to disperse latent wind, resolve latent phlegm, and clear latent dampness. Furthermore, it suggests that, building upon the foundation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoctions, timely administration of TCM paste formulas should be integrated to consolidate therapeutic efficacy, ameliorate the allergic constitution of children in cold regions, and fundamentally reduce the incidence of such diseases. A representative clinical case is presented to illustrate these concepts, aiming to provide novel insights for the clinical management of common allergic disorders in pediatric populations.