协同治理视域下医药电商监管困境及治理优化路径研究

Regulatory Dilemmas and Governance Optimization Pathways for Pharmaceutical E-Commerce: A Collaborative Governance Perspective

摘要: 医药电商的快速发展提升了药物的可及性，然而医药产品的特殊性叠加电商的虚拟性和跨区域性，使得医药电商产品安全监管面临多重挑战，传统单一政府主导的线性监管模式已难以满足当前治理需求。因此，本文以医药电商涉及的多元主体与核心流程为基础，系统剖析当前协同治理所面临的困境，提出健全法规标准体系、明晰多元主体权责清单，建立数据共享平台，创新监管工具，加强行业人才与能力建设，推动多元共治，整合社会监督力量等优化方向。以期为提升医药电商产品质量安全治理效能提供理论参考。

Abstract: The rapid expansion of pharmaceutical e-commerce has improved drug accessibility. However, the pharmaceutical products, combined with the virtuality and cross-jurisdictional nature of e-commerce, pose multifaceted challenges to product safety regulation. The traditional linear regulatory model, predominantly government-led, has proven inadequate in addressing contemporary governance demands. This paper examines the multi-stakeholder ecosystem and core operational processes of pharmaceutical e-commerce to systematically identify the current obstacles to collaborative governance. It proposes several pathways for optimization, including: enhancing regulatory frameworks and clarifying the responsibilities of diverse stakeholders; establishing data integration platforms and adopting innovative regulatory tools; strengthening industry expertise and capacity building; and promoting multi-stakeholder participation by incorporating public oversight mechanisms. These recommendations aim to provide a theoretical foundation for improving the effectiveness of quality and safety governance in pharmaceutical e-commerce.