基于二元干预的安宁疗护对老年癌症晚期患者生活质量及照顾者准备度的影响

Impact of Hospice Care Based on a Dichotomous Intervention Strategy in Elderly Patients with Advanced Cancer Quality of Life and Facilitates Caregiver Readiness

摘要: 目的：评价基于二元干预策略的安宁疗护在晚期癌症患者生活质量及照顾者准备度中的应用效果，为家庭临终关怀工作提供实践依据。方法：选取2024年1月~2025年3月秀山县人民医院肿瘤科收治的60例老年晚期癌症患者及照顾者为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为对照组和安宁组各30例。对照组接受癌症常规护理，安宁组加用二元干预策略的安宁疗护。通过应用中文版照护者准备度量表及中文版EORTC QLQ-C15-APL量表，分别在干预前后对两组的影响进行了评估。结果：安宁组在干预4周照顾者准备度总分(Z = −6.115, P < 0.001)及患者生活质量总分(t = −3.85, P < 0.001)均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：在安宁疗护中采用二元干预策略有利于提高患者的生活质量和照顾者的准备度。

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of hospice care based on a dichotomous intervention strategy on the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer, facilitate caregiver readiness, and provide a practical basis for home hospice care. Methods: Sixty elderly patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers admitted to the Oncology Department of Xiushan County People’s Hospital from January 2024 to March 2025 were selected as the study subjects and were divided into 30 cases each in the control and hospice groups using a random number table method. The control group received routine cancer care, while the hospice group received hospice care with a dyadic intervention strategy. The effects of the two groups were assessed before and after the intervention using the Chinese version of the Caregiver Preparedness Scale and the Chinese version of EORTC QLQ-C15-APL. Results: The total caregiver readiness score (Z = −6.115, P < 0.001) and the total patient quality of life score (t = −3.85, P < 0.001) were higher in the hospice group than in the control group after 4 weeks of intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The use of dichotomous intervention strategies in hospice care improves patient quality of life and facilitates caregiver readiness.