张从正《儒门事亲》学术思想中调护思想浅析

A Brief Analysis of the Nursing Thoughts in Zhang Congzheng’s Academic Ideology from Treatises on Confucian Medical Care for Parents

摘要: 本文以“金元四大家”之一的张从正和其代表作《儒门事亲》为研究对象，整理分析《儒门事亲》中的学术思想，提炼有关中医调护的理论并以实例佐证，阐述金元时期攻邪不忘调护的鲜明学术特色。张从正提出“病由邪生”，善用汗、吐、下三法治疗疾病，但在医疗实践中并非一味攻伐，所著《儒门事亲》的学术思想亦包括倡导攻邪调护、顾护以六气为纲、特色应用食补、注重情志调护和提倡药物调护等。目前多有文献探讨张从正《儒门事亲》中的医学理论，而较少有人总结其调护学术思想。本文将探讨张从正《儒门事亲》中的调护相关学术思想，明确其在张从正学术体系中的重要地位，阐述调护思想在中医理论形成发展中的重要作用，期待为现代中医护理和康复医学的发展有所裨益。

Abstract: This paper focuses on Zhang Congzheng, one of the “Four Great Masters of the Jin and Yuan Dynasties”, and his representative work Treatises on Confucian Medical Care for Parents as the research subject. It organizes and analyzes the academic thoughts within Treatises on Confucian Medical Care for Parents, extracts theories related to traditional Chinese medicine nursing and recuperation, and supports them with practical examples to elucidate the distinct academic characteristic of the Jin and Yuan period: emphasizing nursing and recuperation while eliminating pathogenic factors. Zhang Congzheng proposed that “disease arises from pathogenic factors” and was skilled in using the three therapeutic methods—sweating, vomiting, and purging—to treat diseases. However, in his medical practice, he did not solely focus on aggressive treatments. The academic thoughts in Treatises on Confucian Medical Care for Parents also advocate for nursing and recuperation alongside eliminating pathogens, protecting and maintaining health based on the six climatic factors as a guiding principle, the distinctive application of dietary therapy, emphasis on emotional regulation, and promotion of medicinal nursing. While there is existing literature discussing the medical theories in Zhang Congzheng’s Treatises on Confucian Medical Care for Parents, few studies have summarized his academic thoughts on nursing and recuperation. This paper will explore the academic ideas related to nursing and recuperation in Zhang Congzheng’s Treatises on Confucian Medical Care for Parents, clarify their important position within his academic system, and elaborate on the significant role of nursing and recuperation thoughts in the formation and development of traditional Chinese medicine theory. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the development of modern traditional Chinese medicine nursing and rehabilitation medicine.