青少年特发性脊柱侧弯运动疗法的研究进展
Research Progress in Exercise Therapy for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.15113224, PDF,   
作者: 杜 跃*, 唐辰兰, 秦书风：黑龙江中医药大学研究生院，黑龙江 哈尔滨；任树军#：黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院骨伤四科，黑龙江 哈尔滨
关键词: 青少年特发性脊柱侧弯；运动疗法；中医传统运动疗法；研究进展；Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis； Exercise Therapy； Traditional Chinese Exercise Therapy； Research Progress
摘要: 青少年特发性脊柱侧弯(Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, AIS)在中国大陆的发病率约为1.20%，其中轻度和中度病例占所有患者的95%以上。运动疗法在其保守治疗中扮演重要角色，有效控制侧凸病情的进展，进而推迟或减少支具佩戴或手术的必要性，本文对近年来青少年特发性脊柱侧弯中西医运动疗法的特点及进展进行综述，以期在治疗方式上提供参考。
Abstract: The incidence rate of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Chinese Mainland is approximately 1.20%, with mild and moderate cases accounting for over 95% of all patients. Exercise therapy plays a cru-cial role in its conservative treatment, effectively controlling the progression of scoliosis and there-by postponing or reducing the necessity for brace wearing or surgery. This paper reviews the char-acteristics and advancements of exercise therapy for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in recent years, aiming to provide references for treatment approaches.
文章引用：杜跃, 唐辰兰, 秦书风, 任树军. 青少年特发性脊柱侧弯运动疗法的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(11): 1307-1314. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.15113224

参考文献

[1] Xu, S., Li, K., Jin, L., Dong, Y., Liang, Y., Liu, C., et al. (2024) Journal of Global Health, 14, Article 04117. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[2] Zhang, H., Guo, C., Tang, M., Liu, S., Li, J., Guo, Q., et al. (2015) Prevalence of Scoliosis among Primary and Middle School Students in Mainland China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Spine, 40, 41-49. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] 李锋华, 杨军林, 杨云琳, 等. 特定运动训练对骨龄未成熟轻度脊柱侧凸患儿干预效果评估[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(11): 1737-1739+1744.
[4] Weinstein, S.L., Dolan, L.A., Cheng, J.C., Danielsson, A. and Morcuende, J.A. (2008) Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. The Lancet, 371, 1527-1537. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] Negrini, S., Donzelli, S., Aulisa, A.G., Czaprowski, D., Schreiber, S., de Mauroy, J.C., et al. (2018) 2016 SOSORT Guidelines: Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis during Growth. Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders, 13, Article No. 3. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] 孙红梅, 王帅兵, 张茵, 等. 运动干预青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的研究进展[J]. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2024, 34(11): 1195-1200.
[7] Kim, G. and HwangBo, P. (2016) Effects of Schroth and Pilates Exercises on the Cobb Angle and Weight Distribution of Patients with Scoliosis. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28, 1012-1015. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Si, W. (2024) Exploring the Effectiveness of Hatha Yoga as a Complementary Treatment for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Clinical Effect and Future Research Directions. International Journal of Yoga, 17, 61-64. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Liu, X., Wang, Y., Liu, M., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q. and Wang, Q. (2025) The Efficacy of Core Stabilization Exercise in Mild and Moderate Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 20, Article No. 214. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] 潘燕, 侯春光, 李可鑫. 功能性康复训练改善青少年特发性脊柱侧弯的研究[J]. 湖北师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 43(4): 75-79.
[11] Ma, R., Wu, Q., Xu, Z., Zhang, L., Wei, Y. and Gao, Q. (2024) Exercise Therapy for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Rehabilitation: A Bibliometric Analysis (1999-2023). Frontiers in Pediatrics, 11, Article ID: 1342327. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Zapata, K.A., Sucato, D.J. and Jo, C. (2019) Physical Therapy Scoliosis-Specific Exercises May Reduce Curve Progression in Mild Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Curves. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 31, 280-285. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Seleviciene, V., Cesnaviciute, A., Strukcinskiene, B., Marcinowicz, L., Strazdiene, N. and Genowska, A. (2022) Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercise Methodologies Used for Conservative Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, and Their Effectiveness: An Extended Literature Review of Current Research and Practice. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19, Article 9240. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Wei, L. (2025) The Application of Schroth Therapy Combined with Pilates Training in the Rehabilitation Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Advances in Precision Medicine, 10, 137-142. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[15] Kyrkousis, A., Iakovidis, P., Chatziprodromidou, I.P., Lytras, D., Kasimis, K., Apostolou, T., et al. (2024) Effects of a Long-Term Supervised Schroth Exercise Program on the Severity of Scoliosis and Quality of Life in Individuals with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study. Medicina, 60, Article 1637. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Zhang, X., Lv, J., Li, X., Lin, B., Huang, Y., Lin, Y., et al. (2025) Immediate Effects of the Schroth Method on Spinal Curvature and Paravertebral Muscle Activation in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Orthopaedic Surgery, 17, 2150-2158. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Stein, K., Holzgreve, F., Keil, F., Diaremes, P., Groneberg, D.A., Wanke, E.M., et al. (2024) Improvement of Pulmonary Function Parameters in Female Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis by Schroth Rehabilitative Therapy. Heliyon, 10, e34758. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Ohlendorf, D., Schlegel, C., Oremek, G.M., Holzgreve, F., Wanke, E.M., Mauer-Grubinger, C., et al. (2024) No Effects of Four Weeks of Combined Brace and Schroth Therapy in Moderate Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis on Plantar Pressure Distribution. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 25, Article No. 728. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] 殷鼎, 王慧. BSPTS疗法联合核心力量训练对轻度青少年特发性脊柱侧凸影响[J]. 河南师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 51(2): 140-148.
[20] Yagcı, G. and Demirkıran, H.G. (2024) Scientific Exercise Approach to Scoliosis in Adolescents with Mild Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 47, 68-76. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Berdishevsky, H., Lebel, V.A., Bettany-Saltikov, J., Rigo, M., Lebel, A., Hennes, A., et al. (2016) Physiotherapy Scoliosis-Specific Exercises—A Comprehensive Review of Seven Major Schools. Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders, 11, Article No. 20. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Bettany-Saltikov, J. and Paz-Lourido, B. (2012) Physical Therapy Perspectives in the 21st Century—Challenges and Possibilities. INTECH Open Access Publisher.
[23] 封玉琨, 刘介生, 吕振, 等. 青少年特发性脊柱侧凸运动康复治疗的研究进展[J]. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2021, 31(11): 1039-1043.
[24] Wang, Z., Zhu, W., Li, G. and Guo, X. (2024) Comparative Efficacy of Six Types of Scoliosis-Specific Exercises on Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 25, Article No. 1070. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] 马艳, 王倩, 曹新燕, 等. 中医外治法治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧弯有效性及安全性的网状Meta分析[J]. 颈腰痛杂志, 2025, 46(5): 931-943.
[26] Chen, C., Xu, J. and Li, H. (2024) Effects of Schroth 3D Exercise on Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Children, 11, Article 806. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Catanzariti, J., Moretto, F., Hanot, Q., Adam, C., Renaud, G. and Brouillard, A. (2024) Benefits of Intensive Rehabilitation Programs Using Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Cureus, 16, e76359. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Shannon, B.A., Mackenzie, W.G.S., Hariharan, A.R. and Shah, S.A. (2021) Update in Nonoperative Management of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis to Prevent Progression. Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America, 3, Article 361. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[29] 周双武, 钟景扬, 黄振勇, 等. 针刀联合施罗特疗法治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧弯临床观察[J]. 广西中医药, 2024, 47(3): 43-45+70.
[30] Block, A.M., Tamburini, L.M., Zeng, F., Mancini, M.R., Jackson, C.A., Antonacci, C.L., et al. (2022) Surgical Treatment of Pediatric Scoliosis: Historical Origins and Review of Current Techniques. Bioengineering, 9, Article 600. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] 姚敏, 雷军蓉, 宋梁, 等. 12周太极拳练习对轻度特发性脊柱侧弯大学生身体平衡能力的影响[J]. 安阳师范学院学报, 2021(5): 90-95.
[32] 蒋湘平. 太极八法五步对大学生特发性脊柱侧弯的矫正影响研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 长沙: 湖南师范大学, 2021.
[33] 尹鹏程. 健身气功·五禽戏课外体育活动对小学生脊柱发育影响的实证研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 大连: 辽宁师范大学, 2021.
[34] 户亚娟, 王凌啸, 魏冬锋, 等. 八段锦联合Schroth训练对青少年特发性脊柱侧弯的干预效果[J]. 郑州大学学报(医学版), 2025, 60(4): 565-568.
[35] 常赢, 夏渊, 孙韫頔, 等. 不同特定运动治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧弯有效性的网状Meta分析[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2024, 28(36): 5899-5904
[36] 向勇, 王春林, 田启东, 等. “后伸侧扳”手法配合导引功法治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧弯症临床研究[J]. 河北中医, 2017, 39(2): 287-290.
[37] 陈莉, 蒲渝, 何祥伟, 等. 中医正骨手法联合导引功法辅治青少年特发性脊柱侧凸临床研究[J]. 实用中医药杂志, 2024, 40(11): 2281-2284.
[38] 刘路, 张微, 胡增平, 等. 龙脊导引操对青少年轻度特发性脊柱侧凸治疗效果评价[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(1): 119-122.
[39] 钱雪华, 唐占英, 叶秀兰, 等. 导引手法综合治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧凸症60例临床观察[J]. 上海中医药大学学报, 2007(4): 40-41.
[40] McGill, S.M., Grenier, S., Kavcic, N. and Cholewicki, J. (2003) Coordination of Muscle Activity to Assure Stability of the Lumbar Spine. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 13, 353-359. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[41] Lord, M.J., Ogden, J.A. and Ganey, T.M. (1995) Postnatal Development of the Thoracic Spine. Spine, 20, 1692-1697. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[42] 董贻奇, 吴姝雯, 徐赟赟, 等. 易筋经功法锻炼干预青少年特发性脊柱侧弯的可行性探讨[J]. 中国中医药科技, 2025, 32(4): 613-615+701.
[43] 田亚茹, 马丹, 李欣雨. 核心训练改善青少年特发性脊柱侧弯效果的Meta分析[J]. 湖北体育科技, 2023, 42(6): 514-520.
[44] 姚鸣宇, 朱赫, 董亦直, 等. 施罗斯PSSE联合3D打印支具治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧弯的疗效[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2024, 40(17): 2440-2447.
[45] 王开乐, 周佳华, 李佳佳, 等. 核心肌群训练纠正轻度青少年特发性脊柱侧弯[J]. 中国矫形外科杂志, 2024, 32(17): 1613-1617.
[46] Jiang, Y., Peng, H., Song, Y., Huang, L., Chen, H., Li, P., et al. (2025) Evaluating Exercise Therapies in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review with Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis. PeerJ, 13, e19175. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

为你推荐