一种被忽视的非常规饲料资源——荞麦秸秆的营养成分和应用价值

An Overlooked Alternative Feed Resource—Nutritional Composition and Application Value of Buckwheat Straw

摘要: 随着全球人口增长和畜牧业发展，人畜争粮矛盾日益突出，开发经济、可持续的新型非常规饲料资源已成为畜牧业研究的重点。荞麦作为一种药食同源的杂粮作物，其籽实被广泛食用，而大量的秸秆副产物常被废弃或直接还田。近年来，研究发现荞麦秸秆富含多种营养成分和独特的生物活性物质，展现出作为优质功能性饲料的巨大潜力。本文系统综述了荞麦秸秆的营养价值(常规养分、氨基酸组成、矿物质元素)、核心生物活性物质(黄酮类、酚酸类、D-手性肌醇等)及其功能，并深入探讨了其在反刍动物生产中的应用价值、面临的挑战及改进策略，以期为荞麦秸秆的高值化饲料开发提供理论支撑，推动农业副产物的资源化循环利用，促进畜牧业可持续发展。

Abstract: With global population growth and the expansion of animal husbandry, the conflict between human and livestock competition for grain has become increasingly prominent. Developing economical and sustainable new unconventional feed resources has thus become a key focus in animal husbandry research. Buckwheat, a grain crop with both medicinal and edible properties, has seeds that are widely consumed, while its abundant straw byproducts are often discarded or directly returned to the fields. Recent studies have revealed that buckwheat straw is rich in diverse nutrients and unique bioactive compounds, demonstrating significant potential as a high-quality functional feed ingredient. This systematic review examines the nutritional value of buckwheat straw (including conventional nutrients, amino acid composition, and mineral elements), its core bioactive compounds (flavonoids, phenolic acids, D-chiro-inositol, etc.) and their functions. It also delves into their application value, challenges, and improvement strategies in ruminant production. This aims to provide theoretical support for the high-value feed development of buckwheat straw, promote the resource-based recycling of agricultural by-products, and advance the sustainable development of animal husbandry.