碳包覆镍纳米微粒的吸波性能研究

Microwave Absorption Properties of Carbon-Coated Nickel Particle

摘要: 用直流碳弧法，在氩气氛下烧制碳包覆镍纳米微粒。使用矢量网络分析仪AV3618测得碳包覆镍纳米微粒在1~18 GHz的电磁参数，分析材料电磁性能。结果显示，由于碳包覆镍纳米微粒的碳层与镍核的特殊结构，使得阻抗匹配良好，而测试的磁导率参数表明，碳包覆镍纳米微粒复合材料在5~10 GHz和13 GHz存在损耗峰，这可能是由纳米颗粒表面各向异性，表面能的增加导致的自然共振引起的。模拟测试表明2 mm厚碳包覆镍纳米微粒复合材料在13 Ghz时的微波吸收效果可以达到−30 dB，当厚度增加到3和4 mm厚时，峰值增加到−63 dB，但是对应频段却向低频转移，分别为5.2和8.2 GHz。模拟计算显示，碳包覆镍纳米微粒复合材料具有很好的微波吸收性能，尤其对高频段微波具有更好的吸收性能。

Abstract: The carbon-coated nickel (C@Ni) was prepared by direct current arc method in argon atmosphere. The permittivity and permeability of carbon-coated nickel composite were practically tested in 1 - 18 GHz range using AV3618 machine. The impedance between carbon and nickel matched well as a result of the special structure of C@Ni, while the permeability showed that there were loss peaks within the frequency of 5 - 10 GHz and 13 GHz owning to the natural resonance. The maximum analog reflection losses of 2 mm thickness C@Ni composite layer can reach −30 dB at 13 GHz, while the reflection losses of C@Ni became −63 dB with both 3 mm thickness at 5.2 GHz and 4 mm thickness at 8.2 GHz. There was a good microwave absorption performance of carbon-coated nickel composite through analog computation, especially better microwave absorption performance within high microwave frequency.