穴位贴敷(咳嗽贴)护理依从性对儿科肺炎患者咳嗽消失时间的相关性研究

A Study on the Correlation between the Compliance of Acupoint Application (Cough Patch) Nursing and the Disappearance Time of Cough in Pediatric Pneumonia Patients

摘要: 目的：探讨穴位贴敷(咳嗽贴)护理依从性对儿科肺炎患者咳嗽消失时间的影响，为提升临床护理质量提供依据。方法：采用回顾性队列研究方法，选取2022年1月至2025年6月我院收治的70例肺炎患儿，根据穴位贴敷护理依从性分为高依从组(n = 35)和低依从组(n = 35)。比较两组患儿的咳嗽消失时间、发热消退时间、炎症指标(CRP)及临床疗效，采用t检验、χ²检验进行单因素分析，并运用多元线性回归模型校正混杂因素，分析护理依从性的独立效应。结果：高依从组患儿的咳嗽消失时间显著短于低依从组[(5.20 ± 1.30)天vs. (7.10 ± 1.60)天，P < 0.01]。多因素分析显示，在校正年龄、性别、入院时CRP及联合雾化治疗后，高护理依从性仍是咳嗽消失时间缩短的独立保护因素(β = −1.78, P < 0.01)。Spearman相关性分析表明，护理依从性与咳嗽消失时间呈强负相关(r_s = −0.72, P < 0.01)。结论：提高穴位贴敷的护理依从性能显著缩短儿科肺炎患者的咳嗽消失时间，是改善临床疗效的关键因素。临床应重视并采取针对性措施提升患儿的治疗依从性。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the influence of acupoint application (cough patch) nursing compliance on the disappearance time of cough in pediatric pneumonia patients, and to provide a basis for improving the quality of clinical nursing. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Seventy children with pneumonia admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to June 2025 were selected and divided into a high compliance group (n = 35) and a low compliance group (n = 35) based on the compliance of acupoint application care. The disappearance time of cough, the regression time of fever, inflammatory indicators (CRP) and clinical efficacy of the two groups of children were compared. Univariate analysis was conducted using t-test and χ² test, and multiple linear regression model was used to correct confounding factors to analyze the independent effect of nursing compliance. Result: The cough disappearance time of children in the high compliance group was significantly shorter than that in the low compliance group [(5.20 ± 1.30) days vs. (7.10 ± 1.60) days, P < 0.01]. Multivariate analysis showed that after adjusting for age, gender, CRP at admission, and combined nebulization therapy, high nursing compliance remained an independent protective factor for shortened cough disappearance time (β = −1.78, P < 0.01). Spearman correlation analysis indicated that nursing compliance was strongly negatively correlated with the disappearance time of cough (r_s = −0.72, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Improving the nursing compliance performance of acupoint application significantly shortens the disappearance time of cough in pediatric pneumonia patients and is a key factor in improving clinical efficacy. Clinical practice should attach importance to and take targeted measures to improve the treatment compliance of pediatric patients.