黄连素新霉素溶液在皮脂腺囊肿感染切开引流术后换药应用中的效果评价

Evaluation of the Effect of Berberine-Neomycin Solution in Wound Dressing after Incision and Drainage of Infected Sebaceous Cysts

摘要: 目的：探讨黄连素新霉素溶液在皮脂腺囊肿感染切开引流术后换药中的临床疗效及安全性。方法：采用前瞻性随机对照研究设计，选取2023年10月~2025年1月海军军医大学第一附属医院整形外科80例皮脂腺囊肿感染切开引流术后患者。按照计算机随机数字表分为实验组和对照组，各40例。实验组使用黄连素新霉素溶液换药，对照组使用碘伏溶液换药。主要观察指标为创面完全上皮化时间；次要指标包括平均换药次数、术后7 d视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)、感染控制率及术后3个月复发率，并记录所有不良事件。结果：实验组创面完全上皮化时间(7.18 ± 1.42) d短于对照组(10.27 ± 2.08) d (P < 0.05)；平均换药次数(4.12 ± 0.76)次少于对照组(6.28 ± 1.15)次(P < 0.01)；术后7 d疼痛评分显著降低(2.08 ± 0.68 vs. 3.84 ± 1.07, P < 0.05)。实验组感染控制率为95.0%，高于对照组的77.5% (P < 0.05)；3个月复发率为2.5%，低于对照组的15.0% (P < 0.05)。不良事件发生率实验组为12.5%，对照组为22.5%，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论：黄连素新霉素溶液用于皮脂腺囊肿感染切开引流术后换药，可显著加速创面愈合，减少换药次数与疼痛强度，提高感染控制率并降低短期复发风险，且安全性良好，适合临床推广应用。

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of berberine-neomycin solution in wound dressing after incision and drainage of infected sebaceous cysts. Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on 80 patients who underwent incision and drainage for infected sebaceous cysts at the Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from October 2023 to January 2025. Patients were randomly assigned to an experimental group (berberine-neomycin solution dressing, n = 40) and a control group (povidone-iodine solution dressing, n = 40) using a computerized random number table. The primary outcome was time to complete epithelialization. Secondary outcomes included total number of dressing changes, postoperative day 7 pain score (VAS), infection control rate, 3-month recurrence rate, and incidence of adverse events. Results: The experimental group had a significantly shorter epithelialization time (7.18 ± 1.42 d vs. 10.27 ± 2.08 d, P < 0.05) and fewer dressing changes (4.12 ± 0.76 vs. 6.28 ± 1.15, P < 0.01) compared to the control group. Postoperative day 7 pain scores were lower (2.08 ± 0.68 vs. 3.84 ± 1.07, P < 0.05). The infection control rate was higher in the experimental group (95.0% vs. 77.5%, P < 0.05), and the 3-month recurrence rate was lower (2.5% vs. 15.0%, P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly between two groups (12.5% vs. 22.5%, P > 0.05). Conclusion: Berberine-neomycin solution significantly accelerates wound healing, reduces dressing frequency and pain, improves infection control, and lowers short-term recurrence risk after incision and drainage of infected sebaceous cysts, demonstrating favorable efficacy and suitability for clinical promotion and application.