农村电商助力甘肃省六大农业产业发展的影响路径研究

Research on the Impact Pathways of Rural E-Commerce in Promoting the Development of Six Major Agricultural Industries in Gansu Province

摘要: 农村电商是农业产业发展的新引擎，而农业产业发展又是实现产业升级、城乡经济协同发展与乡村振兴的关键支撑。本文以甘肃省“牛羊菜果薯药”六大特色农业产业为研究对象，系统探讨农村电商对特色农业发展的影响路径与作用机制。研究发现，农村电商可通过四大核心路径推动农业产业转型：以渠道拓展打破传统产销的时空限制，以品牌增值塑造产品差异化竞争优势，以产业链升级促进农业向精深加工与三产融合延伸，以要素优化实现人才、资本等资源的合理配置。在此过程中，农村电商通过降低农产品交易成本、提升产品市场溢价、强化产业价值传导效率等机制，为破解甘肃六大农业产业发展的现实难题提供了有效支撑。针对当前甘肃农业产业面临的物流基础设施短板、专业人才短缺等问题，本文进一步提出适配性优化对策，旨在为西北欠发达地区借助数字手段激活特色农业活力、推动乡村振兴提供理论参考与实践方向。

Abstract: Rural e-commerce serves as a new engine for the development of the agricultural industry, while the development of the agricultural industry itself is a key support for realizing industrial upgrading, coordinated development of urban and rural economies, and rural revitalization. Taking the six characteristic agricultural industries of “cattle, sheep, vegetables, fruits, potatoes, and medicinal herbs” in Gansu Province as the research object, this paper systematically explores the impact paths and functional mechanisms of rural e-commerce on the development of characteristic agriculture. The study finds that rural e-commerce can promote the transformation of the agricultural industry through four core paths: breaking the temporal and spatial constraints of traditional production and sales through channel expansion, forging the differentiated competitive advantages of products through brand value enhancement, promoting the extension of agriculture to deep processing and the integration of the primary, secondary, tertiary industries through industrial chain upgrading, and realizing the rational allocation of resources such as talents and capital through factor optimization. In this process, by reducing the transaction costs of agricultural products, increasing the market premium of products, and enhancing the efficiency of industrial value transmission, rural e-commerce provides effective support for solving the practical problems in the development of Gansu’s six major agricultural industries. In response to the current problems faced by Gansu’s agricultural industry, such as insufficient logistics infrastructure and shortage of professional talents, this paper further puts forward targeted optimization countermeasures, aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for underdeveloped areas in northwest China to energize the vitality of characteristic agriculture and promote rural revitalization by means of digital technology.