中医药治疗功能性肛门直肠痛的研究进展

Research Progress in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Functional Anorectal Pain

摘要: 功能性肛门直肠痛(FAP)是一种病因复杂、无明确器质性病变基础的难治性疾病，其诊疗目前面临标准不统一、共识缺乏等挑战，严重影响患者身心健康。中医基于“整体观念”与“辨证论治”原则，在本病的诊疗中展现出独特优势。本文通过梳理近五年文献，系统综述了中医药治疗FAP的研究进展，在理论上，对FAP病机的认识正不断深化；在实践上，治疗方案已从单一疗法转向综合干预，并通过多途径协同治疗显示出显著疗效。本文旨在为中医药在本领域的深入研究和临床实践提供理论参考与思路借鉴。

Abstract: Functional anorectal pain (FAP) is a refractory condition characterized by a complex etiology and the absence of organic pathology. Its diagnosis and treatment currently face challenges such as a lack of standardized criteria and consensus, significantly impacting patients’ physical and mental health. Based on the principles of “holistic concept” and “treatment based on syndrome differentiation”, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated unique advantages in the diagnosis and management of FAP. By reviewing literature from the past five years, this article systematically summarizes the research progress in TCM for treating FAP. Theoretically, the understanding of FAP’s pathogenesis is continuously deepening. Practically, treatment approaches have shifted from single-method therapies to comprehensive interventions, demonstrating significant efficacy through multi-modal synergistic treatments. This article aims to provide theoretical references and insights for further research and clinical practice of TCM in this field.