传统针刺手法治疗颈椎病的研究进展

Research Progress on the Treatment of Cervical Spondylosis with Traditional Acupuncture Techniques

摘要: 本文系统综述了近五年来传统针刺手法在治疗颈椎病方面的研究进展。文章首先指出颈椎病作为常见退行性疾病，发病率逐年上升且呈年轻化趋势，西医治疗存在局限性，而中医针灸疗法具有独特优势。文章重点梳理了《黄帝内经》中的九刺、十二刺、五刺等古典针法，《金针赋》中的飞经走气、烧山火、龙虎交战等手法，以及《针灸大成》中的透穴法与灵龟八法，并介绍了郑氏针法中的温通针法。多项临床研究表明，这些传统手法在改善颈椎病疼痛、功能障碍等方面疗效显著，且常优于常规针刺或药物治疗。文章最后指出当前研究存在样本量小、操作标准化不足、评价体系不统一、缺乏远期随访等问题，并建议未来应开展大样本、随机对照、操作规范化的高质量临床研究，以进一步验证传统针刺手法的疗效与机制。

Abstract: This article systematically reviews the research progress of traditional acupuncture techniques in treating cervical spondylosis over the past five years. It highlights cervical spondylosis as a common degenerative disease with an increasing incidence and a trend toward affecting younger populations. While Western medicine has limitations in treatment, traditional Chinese acupuncture therapy offers unique advantages. The review focuses on classical acupuncture methods from the Yellow Emperor’s Canon of Medicine, such as the Nine Needling Techniques, Twelve Needling Techniques, and Five Needling Techniques, as well as techniques from the Jin Zhen Fu (Ode to the Golden Needle), including Flying Meridian and Promoting Qi, Burning Mountain Fire, and Dragon-Tiger Contending. Additionally, methods from the Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, such as Point Penetration and the Eight Methods of the Sacred Tortoise, along with the Warming and Unblocking Needling Technique from Zheng’s acupuncture style, are discussed. Multiple clinical studies have demonstrated that these traditional techniques significantly improve pain and functional limitations in cervical spondylosis, often outperforming conventional acupuncture or drug therapies. Finally, the article points out current research limitations, including small sample sizes, lack of operational standardization, inconsistent evaluation systems, and insufficient long-term follow-up. It recommends future high-quality clinical studies with larger samples, randomized controls, and standardized protocols to further validate the efficacy and mechanisms of traditional acupuncture techniques.