快速康复外科护理模式在妇科盆腔术后下肢深静脉血栓的预防作用

The Preventive Effect of the Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Nursing Model in Deep Vein Thrombosis after Gynecologic Pelvic Surgery

摘要: 目的：探讨快速康复外科护理模式对妇科盆腔术后下肢深静脉血栓的预防作用。方法：将2024年1月至2025年10月就诊于我院行盆腔手术的60例患者，分为观察组与对照组，各30例。对照组实施常规围手术期护理方案，观察组应用基于FTS理念的综合护理干预。记录两组患者术后恢复情况、舒适度评分、下肢深静脉血栓发生情况。结果：观察组的首次排气、排便、切口愈合、下床活动时间均低于对照组(P < 0.05)。术后第3天，观察组的生理、心理、社会文化与环境、精神评分均低于对照组(P < 0.05)。观察组发生轻度下肢深静脉血栓1例，对照组发生下肢深静脉血栓轻度5例、中度2例、重度1例，观察组总体发生率低于对照组(3.3% VS 26.7%)，差异具有统计学意义。结论：快速康复外科(FTS)理念的综合护理模式应用于妇科盆腔手术患者，能够通过改善其术后血液高凝状态、促进下肢静脉血液回流，针对性地阻断深静脉血栓(DVT)，护理效果较为显著。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the preventive effect of the Fast-Track Surgery (FTS)nursing model on lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after gynecologic pelvic surgery. Methods: A total of 60 patients who underwent pelvic surgery in our hospital between January 2024 and October 2025 were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group, with 30 cases in each. The control group received conventional perioperative care, while the observation group received a comprehensive nursing intervention based on the FTS concept. The postoperative recovery, comfort scores, and the incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results: The time to first flatus, defecation, wound healing, and ambulation in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05). On the third postoperative day, the observation group demonstrated significantly lower scores in the physical, psychological, sociocultural, environmental, and spiritual domains compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Regarding deep vein thrombosis (DVT), one mild case occurred in the observation group, compared to five mild, two moderate, and one severe case in the control group. The overall incidence of DVT was significantly lower in the observation group (3.3% vs. 26.7%). The difference is statistically significant. Conclusion: The application of the comprehensive nursing model based on the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (FTS) concept in patients undergoing gynecologic pelvic surgery can effectively and specifically mitigate the risk of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) by improving postoperative hypercoagulability and promoting venous blood return in the lower extremities, demonstrating significant nursing efficacy.