精神分裂症患者语义加工受损及其与认知功能关系的研究进展
Research Progress on Impaired Semantic Processing in Schizophrenia Patients and Its Relationship with Cognitive Function
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2025.1512647, PDF,   
作者: 张晓卉, 陈 敏*：济宁医学院精神卫生学院，山东 济宁；董小帝, 王 锋：枣庄市精神卫生中心精神科，山东 枣庄
关键词: 精神分裂症；语义加工；认知功能；Schizophrenia； Semantic Processing； Cognitive Function
摘要: 精神分裂症是一种与多种情感、行为和认知缺陷相关的神经生物学障碍。认知功能障碍包括注意力、学习、执行功能、处理速度、语言、记忆等方面的损害。已有研究使用类别流畅性任务，发现精神分裂症患者语义加工存在异常。对精神分裂症患者的语义研究大多依赖于语义启动范式。在所有参与者中，词汇选择受到语义相似性的强烈影响，记录了语言理解缺陷。认知障碍往往在精神病确诊之前就存在，不会自发改善，影响非社会认知域(加工速度、工作记忆、问题解决)和社会认知域(情绪加工、社会知觉、心智化)，认知功能的恢复直接决定了患者的功能结局和康复质量。目前大多数研究没有区分精神分裂症亚型，可通过特定的语音特征鉴别精神疾病的临床亚型。
Abstract: Schizophrenia is a neurobiological disorder associated with multiple affective, behavioral, and cognitive deficits. Cognitive dysfunction includes impairments in attention, learning, executive functions, processing speed, language, memory, etc. Previous studies have used category fluency tasks and found abnormalities in semantic processing in patients with schizophrenia. Most semantic studies in patients with schizophrenia rely on semantic priming paradigms. Across all participants, word choice was strongly influenced by semantic similarity, documenting language comprehension deficits. Cognitive impairment often exists before the diagnosis of mental illness and does not improve spontaneously. It affects the non-social cognitive domain (processing speed, working memory, problem solving) and social cognitive domain (emotional processing, social perception, mentalization). The recovery of cognitive function directly determines the patient’s functional outcome and rehabilitation quality. Most current studies do not differentiate between schizophrenia subtypes, and clinical subtypes of mental illness can be identified through specific speech features.
文章引用：张晓卉, 董小帝, 王锋, 陈敏 (2025). 精神分裂症患者语义加工受损及其与认知功能关系的研究进展. 心理学进展, 15(12), 229-235. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2025.1512647

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