知识产权视角下数据产权制度合理性证成与路径构建

Rationality Justification and Path Construction of Data Property Rights System from the Perspective of Intellectual Property

摘要: 随着数字经济的蓬勃发展，“人工智能”“大数据”“算法模型”等新兴产物已经深度融入我们的生活，数据成为了继“劳动力”“资本”“市场”等之后的第五大生产要素，一方面，我国要跻身拥有核心软实力的超级大国，数据这一核心资源的发展与深耕势在必行，培育数据要素市场已成为我国重要的国家战略；另一方面，数据具有明显的“无形性”“非独占性”，这就为数据高效流通提供了天然便利，数据经济的发展也推动了许多相关产业的兴起，催生了如“AI生成内容”“区块链技术应用”等大量超出原有知识产权法律规制范畴的创新成果。传统的知识产权主要聚焦保护著作权、商标权、专利权保护，难以应对日益增多的数据产权纠纷，而我国尚无专门立法规范数据相关权益，因此，构建完善的数据产权制度已迫在眉睫。

Abstract: With the vigorous development of the digital economy, emerging products such as “artificial intelligence”, “big data”, and “algorithm models” have been deeply integrated into our lives. Data has become the fifth major factor of production after “labor”, “capital”, “market”, etc. On the one hand, for China to become a superpower with core soft power, the development and deep cultivation of data, a core resource, is imperative, and nurturing a data element market has become an important national strategy in China. On the other hand, data has obvious “intangibility” and “non-exclusivity”, which provides natural convenience for the efficient circulation of data. The development of the data economy has also promoted the rise of many related industries, spawning a large number of innovative achievements beyond the scope of original intellectual property legal regulations, such as “AI-generated content” and “blockchain technology applications”. Traditional intellectual property mainly focuses on the protection of copyright, trademark rights, and patent rights, making it difficult to cope with the increasing number of data property disputes. However, China has no special legislation to regulate data-related rights and interests. Therefore, constructing a sound data property system is imminent.