越南能源转型现状与中越合作前景研究

Current Status of Vietnam’s Energy Transition and Prospects for China-Vietnam Cooperation

摘要: 本研究旨在系统分析越南能源转型的战略路径与中越合作潜力。通过政策文本分析和案例研究，发现越南已构建完整的能源转型政策体系，确立了以可再生能源为主导、天然气为过渡、核能为补充的多元化发展路径。在实施层面，越南通过政策激励推动清洁能源快速发展，同时推进电网现代化改造和电力市场化改革，并积极争取国际资金与技术合作。但执行过程中面临许多困难，如资金缺口、电网基础设施滞后、政策不确定性。研究表明，尽管越南能源转型仍面临结构性挑战，但通过系统的政策布局已取得显著成效。在此背景下，中越两国可通过完善合作机制、推进基建联通、深化产业协同与强化创新支撑等路径，共同推动区域能源可持续发展，以进一步深化中越能源合作。

Abstract: This study aims to systematically analyze the strategic pathways of Vietnam’s energy transition and the potential for Sino-Vietnamese cooperation. Through policy text analysis and case studies, it finds that Vietnam has established a comprehensive energy transition policy system, adopting a diversified development path dominated by renewable energy, supplemented by natural gas as a transition fuel and nuclear energy as a complementary source. At the implementation level, Vietnam promotes the rapid development of clean energy through policy incentives, advances grid modernization and electricity market reform, and actively seeks international funding and technical cooperation. The execution process, however, faces numerous challenges, including funding gaps, lagging grid infrastructure, and policy uncertainties. Research indicates that, despite structural challenges, Vietnam has achieved notable results through systematic policy planning. In this context, China and Vietnam can enhance cooperation by improving collaborative mechanisms, strengthening infrastructure connectivity, and deepening energy trade and investment, thereby jointly promoting sustainable regional energy development and strengthening innovation support.