多模式超前镇痛联合复方荆芥熏洗坐浴应用于肛周脓肿、肛瘘患者的临床分析

Clinical Analysis of Multi-Mode Advanced Analgesia Combined with Compound Thorn Mustard Fumigation and Sitting Bath Applied to Patients with Perianal Abscess and Anal Fistula

摘要: 目的：探讨多模式超前镇痛联合复方荆芥熏洗坐浴应用于肛周脓肿、肛瘘患者护理干预的临床效果。方法：选取本院胃肠外科2024年5月~2025年8月纳入的49例肛周脓肿、肛瘘手术患者进行研究，依据随机数字法选出25例患者为对照组，对照组采用普通单一镇痛模式，即采用机械性镇痛泵持续给药和根据患者的疼痛主诉按医嘱按量给药。另24例患者为研究组，研究组采用多模式超前镇痛联合复方荆芥熏洗坐浴护理干预，于术后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h采用数字评分量表(NRS)观察患者对疼痛的主诉、肛周创面肉芽组织生长情况及患者对镇痛药物的不良反应。结果：两组患者术后6 h疼痛NRS评分相近，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)，研究组24例患者术后12 h、24 h、48 h NRS评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，研究组的肛门创面评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，两组镇痛药物不良反应的发生率相近(8.32% vs 8.00%)，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论：多模式超前镇痛联合复方荆芥熏洗坐浴护理干预可有效改善肛周脓肿、肛瘘患者的疼痛反应，不会增加患者的镇痛不良反应，有利于患者术后创面的恢复，增强患者的舒适体验。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the clinical effect of applying multi-mode advanced analgesia combined with compound thorn mustard fumigation and sitting bath in nursing intervention for patients with perianal abscess and anal fistula. Methods: 49 patients with perianal abscess and anal fistula surgery included in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of our hospital from May 2024 to August 2025 were studied, and 25 patients were selected as the control group according to the random number method. The control group adopted the ordinary single analgesia mode, that is, continuous drugging by mechanical analgesic pumps and according to the patient’s main complaint of pain, as medicine is given according to the doctor’s instructions. Another 24 patients were in the research group. The research group used multi-mode advanced analgesia combined with compound thorn mustard fumigation and sitting bath nursing intervention. In 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after surgery, the digital score scale (NRS) was used to observe the patient’s main complaint of pain, the growth of granulous tissue on the perianal wound and the patient’s adverse reactions to analgesic drugs. Results: The NRS scores of the two groups of patients in 6 h after surgery were similar, and the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The NRS scores of 24 patients in the study group in 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after surgery were lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the anal wound score of the study group was lower than in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions to analgesic drugs in the two groups was similar (8.32% vs 8.00%), and the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Multi-mode advanced analgesia combined with compound thorn mustard fumigation and sitting bath nursing intervention can effectively improve the pain response of patients with perianal abscess and anal fistula and will not increase the adverse analgesic reactions of patients, which is conducive to the recovery of the postoperative wound of the patient and enhances the patient’s comfortable experience.